Composition

NEWSPAPER

A newspaper is a paper that carries news and views of home and abroad to us. We read newspaper everyday. Newspapers are like our daily food. We cannot do without newspapers even for a day. The reading of newspaper has become a part of our habits.   

Now-a days newspaper performs important function in our life. The newspaper has made the world smaller. We can know the important facts of all the countries from newspapers. Distance is no longer distance to us. The whole world seems to be our home and all human beings our brothers.

Newspaper plays a vital role in our daily life. It is called the mirror of the society. Sitting in our room we can realise the situation of the world.        

In respect of importance, various kinds of news are published for different classes of people. We read news about national as well as international affairs. We find news about sports, business, politics, new invention, and accidents. Veteran journalists write articles regarding various matters. We can learn the prevailing condition of economy, politics, and culture by reading articles.      Students are also benefited by reading newspaper because of the publishing of MCQ type & broad question answers in newspapers. Exam routine and results are published in the newspaper too.

Various classes of people read newspaper for their respective purpose. An athlete seeks information about game and sports. A businessman learns about the present economic condition of the world. A politician looks for political news. An old person reads newspaper to pass his or her time.

In conclusion we have to opine that newspaper plays a vital role in every sphere of our life. It is really interesting that newspaper depicts the entire world before our eyes.

 

IMPORTANCE OF READING NEWSPAPER

A newspaper is a paper that carries news and views of home and abroad to us. We read newspaper everyday. Newspapers are like our daily food. We cannot do without newspapers even for a day. The reading of newspaper has become a part of our habits.   

             Now-a-days newspaper performs important function in our life. The newspaper has made the world smaller. We can know the important facts of all the countries from newspapers. Distance is no longer a barrier in the way of satisfying our curiosity. The whole world seems to be our home and all human beings our brothers.

             Newspaper plays a vital role in our daily life. It is called the mirror of the society. Sitting in our room we can realise the situation of the world.

             In respect of importance, various kinds of news are published for different classes of people. We read news about national as well as international affairs. We find news about sports, business, politics, new invention, and accidents. Veteran journalists write articles regarding various matters. We can learn the prevailing condition of economy, politics, and culture by reading articles.     

             Students are also benefited by reading newspaper because of the publishing of MCQ type & broad question answers in newspapers. Exam routine and results are published in the newspaper too.

             Various classes of people read newspaper for their respective purpose. An athlete seeks information about game and sports. A businessman learns about the present economic condition of the world. A politician looks for political news. An old person reads newspaper to pass his or her time.

             In conclusion we have to opine that newspaper plays a vital role in every sphere of our life. It is really interesting that newspaper depicts the entire world before our eyes.

FLOOD IN BANGLADESH

Flood is a natural calamity and it is very common factor is Bangladesh. Almost every year floods occur in one or all the parts of the country. It takes away hundreds of human life and damages huge property every year. So it is regarded as a great national problem.  

             Flood is mainly caused by heavy shower of rain. Bangladesh is a land affected by frequent floods because the rivers cannot hold the water. As a result, they overflow their banks and the lands close to them go under water. Sometimes there is a heavy rush of water from the mountains through the rivers. These rivers then overflow their banks and cause to wide spread of floods.

             Flood causes a heavy damage to our life and properties. Houses are destroyed, cattle are washed away, crops are greatly damaged and trees are uprooted. Thousands of people become homeless and shelter less. They remain without food for many days. All communication from the outside world is cut off. The flood of 1998 broke the records of the past. Never before did water level rise so high nor was the duration so long. The whole country went into water. The miseries of the affected people knew no bounds. Infect the havoc was so great that it took a long time to repair the loss.

             The after effects of flood are more dangerous. Famine breaks out. Many people die for want of food. The flood affected areas become muddy and unhealthy. The prices of all necessary things go up. There is scarcity of drinking water.

             Floods do some good to us. It makes our lands fertile. It washes away filth and dirt.

It is necessary to take proper steps for the control of flood in our country. Both long and short term plans can be taken. Proper embankments should be constructed along the banks of the rivers. And above all, our government should be very careful about it.

             Floods do a little good to men. But if it is compared to the evils, the good effects are found insignificant. So, we must control the floods at any east.

CASH CROP OF BANGLADESH

OR, TEA.

Tea is a common and popular drink in Bangladesh. Now-a-days people all over the world take tea. It comes from the leaf of a small plant. Now it is one of the main cash crops of Bangladesh. It is an important item of our export and it earns a large amount of foreign exchange for our country. It is the mast popular drink in the world. It refreshes our body and mind.

Tea was first grown in china. Now it grows in Bangladesh, India, Japan and Indonesia. Tea grows in hot and moist climate. It grows on the slope of hills or hilly regions. In Bangladesh it grows well in the hilly areas of Shylhet and Chittagong. It requires excessive rain but the rainwater must not stay at the root.

Tea seeds are sown in a nursery, in the rainy season. The seedlings are transplanted over vast area in rows from four to six feet apart. The cultivation of tea is a very difficult task. The plants are watered and weeds are removed in time for the smooth growth of the plants. It grows from five to ten feet in height. It is pruned to change into bushes.

There are four crops of a year. The first plucking gives the best tea. Generally women workers pluck leaves of tea. They pluck green leaves. The tealeaves are dried on sieves and rolled into machines. Then they are scored in a room for being black and broken.

 

MY AIM IN LIFE

MY FUTURE PLAN OF LIFE

Aim means choice of career. An aim in life helps a man to reach a particular destination of life. A life without an aim is like a ship without a rudder. So, everyone must have a particular choice of profession in life. A life without choosing of profession is meaningless.

Many men, many minds: Similarly different persons have different choices. So aim in life varies from person to person. Someone wishes to be a doctor, someone player, someone to be engineer, someone wishes to be pilot and someone to be a higher officer etc.

I am not interested to run after money and wealth. I have no lust for extra higher education. Since my boyhood, I cherished a desire that I would be a teacher in my life. My father himself is a teacher. He has often said that a teacher can give real service to his country through teaching.

Education is the hope and aspiration of a nation. The rate of education in our country is very negligible. Education spreads the knowledge of the people. An educated person can judge the right and the wrong. I think that if I can not give the light and delight to the poor people, my education will be meaningless. So, I have chosen the profession of a teacher.

But I do not want to be a college or university teacher. Because I am an ordinary student, and my father is too poor to pay for my higher education in the university. After graduation I shall complete the B.Ed. course to qualify myself as a teacher.

Then I shall come back to join my village High School. I do not like to leave this school. I want to live in the midst of my students and relations till the last day of my life.

Teaching is a noble profession. It can give light to the nation. If I can succeed to give the three RS to the poor people of our country, my life will be meaningful. I think if a number of people come forward as like as me all the problems of our country will be solved. Our country will prosper day by day.

YOUR IDEA OF DISCIPLINE AS FOR PROGRESS AND ADVANCEMENT

The word discipline comes from a Latin word “discipulous”. Discipulous means a disciple. A disciple obeys the orders of his preceptor without any question. Discipline is therefore a moral quality. It is related to the conduct of a disciple. In its broad sense, however it includes obedience to any system of rules for orderly conduct.

             Man lives in society and with family. He cannot do whatever he likes. If everyone does what he pleases, there will be disorder and chaos in society. So discipline is essential for happiness, progress and advancement. The value of discipline is obvious in every step of life.

             The importance of discipline is very great. It helps us to live in society with place and order. It is also the basis of all the virtues. No nation can reach the pinnacle of success, if it has no discipline.

             Discipline is necessary in student life. It is the best time to build the habit of discipline. School and colleges are the best places for learning it. Students must abide by some rules and regulations of the educational institutions.

             Discipline is necessary in every walk of life. It is strictly maintained in the army. In a playground we see the performance of discipline. Even in a family, everything is maintained in a disciplined way. A disciplined family helps the society to build a happy one. Nature is the right example of discipline.

MY IDEA OF DISCIPLINE AS FOR PROGRESS AND ADVANCEMENT

The word discipline comes from a Latin word “discipulous”. Discipulous means a disciple. A disciple obeys the orders of his preceptor without any question. Discipline is therefore a moral quality. It is related to the conduct of a disciple. In its broad sense, however it includes obedience to any system of rules for orderly conduct.

             Man lives in society and with family. He cannot do whatever he likes. If everyone does what he pleases, there will be disorder and chaos in society. So discipline is essential for happiness, progress and advancement. The value of discipline is obvious in every step of life.

             The importance of discipline is very great. It helps us to live in society with place and order. It is also the basis of all the virtues. No nation can reach the pinnacle of success, if it has no discipline.

             Discipline is necessary in student life. It is the best time to build the habit of discipline. School and colleges are the best places for learning it. Students must abide by some rules and regulations of the educational institutions.

             Discipline is necessary in every walk of life. It is strictly maintained in the army. In a playground we see the performance of discipline. Even in a family, everything is maintained in a disciplined way. A disciplined family helps the society to build a happy one. Nature is the right example of discipline.

             Discipline brings progress and advancement for one who is obedient to it. The great man of the world followed discipline in their way of life. That is the reason, why they encouraged the people to be disciplined.

             Discipline is a development and advancement. Absence of it is downfall. No progress of a society is possible without discipline. A life without discipline is like a ship without a rudder. So we should be careful of it. In absence of discipline, ample works also go in vain. So in doing any work we must maintain discipline to get a successful result. If there were indiscipline in nature, our life would become impossible. Discipline prevents a person from going astray and it is the route of prosperity and advancement. So, to keep the balance in everything discipline has no substitute. From above discussion, it becomes clear to us that discipline is indispensable/inevitable for progress and advancement in life.

 

RECYCLING

Our population is increasing like mice in a born. With the number of population, also increase the amount of garbage and waste. If we allow it to continue, once we will be buried in waste. That is why recycling or re-use of waste has become indispensable.

Waste can have many uses, especially if it can be used to recycled. Recycling mainly involves processing materials so that they can be used as raw materials for making other things. They may be used to produce the same product, for example, broken pieces of glass can be made into new glass, Or they may be very different, for example, iron and steel from cans and cars can be re-smelted to make electric poles and rods.

Now we can think of a short description of recycling aluminum cans. The initiative of the recycling of aluminum cans is the collection of empty cans. People throw empty cans in the garbage. Millions of these cans will make hundreds of can hills. There can be found no place to keep them. So these cans are pressed as blocks. Then the blocks are sent to the factories where they are melted and refined. After that with the liquid aluminum, the rolls are made. And finally by using those rolls new cans are made.

The importance of recycling is getting priority day by day. It is used in the developed countries in a large scale. But in the developing countries people are not following the systems of recycling. In an overpopulated country like Bangladesh the process of recycling is a very important of thrown-out things.

 

TREE PLANTATION

             Trees are gifts of nature. They are our great friends and benefit us in many ways. They play a vital role in the economy of a country and also much influence upon the climatic condition of a country. Trees gives us fruits, food and shelter.

             Trees make land fertile and save it from erosion. They are as such, part and parcel of our life. So we should plant more trees.

             Environment plays a vital role to ensure our sound life. A barren field is not suitable for us at all. On an average 25% land of a country should have forests. In view of this data our proportion is not satisfactory. In some areas, there are plenty of trees, but in other places the amount of trees is very limited.

             We know that trees supply oxygen, the most essential thing through which we breathe. Besides, these trees offer us variety of woods that are used to make furniture. Tired passersby take rest under the shadow of trees. Birds make their nests in trees. Regarding all these things I think more trees should be planted in our country.

             Again, where there is less quantity of trees, therefore we find barren lands without rains. Having plenty of trees in Sylhet, Chittagong and other hilly areas, rainfall is frequent. So in order to save our country from droughts more trees should be planted.

             Now-a-days radio and TV are taking dominant programmes to make the people conscious of the importance of trees. It is true that the herbs from our locality are now on extinction. But utilizing the herbs, it is possible to make various medicines. Processing the fruit juice, many delicious foods and drinks can be made. There is a scope to income a huge amount of foreign exchange exporting the processed food-items. So to increase our economy, more trees should be planted in Bangladesh.

             For the soundness of nature, tree plantation is essential. The visitors also choose the spots having large amount of trees. For mental refreshment such places possess a great demand. So, to inspire tree plantation, prize giving may be implemented. Present government’s effort to give share of the trees to the poor is undoubtedly praise worthy.

             In ensuring a healthier and happier life. We should plant more trees than we cut down. So, it should be our slogan, “Cut one tree and plant two trees.”

 

MY IDEA OF A GOOD TEACHER

Teachers are the makers of the society and civilization. They are respected every where for their noble and great contribution to the nation. But a good or ideal teacher is one who not only teaches us but also changes and reforms our society. He/she is one who never thinks of his/her interests and sacrifices for the greater interest of the country and nation.

             A good teacher is always punctual and regular. He / she has a strong sense of duty and responsibility. He / she is never late in his class. He / she always maintains discipline and teaches his/her students the significance of discipline and regularity in their life.

             A good teacher performs all his duties with sincerity and honesty. He never avoids his duty. He is very helpful to all the students and teaches them whatever they want to learn in a very friendly manner. He is not a venal and does not consider teaching as a business. He never likes or supports the materialistic purpose of teaching profession.

             A good teacher works not only for his students but also for the whole society. He makes the people of his society aware of the purpose and objectives of life. He makes them conscious of the necessity of education and inspires them to send their children to schools and colleges. He encourages them to follow discipline and moral values in life. Thus he can change and reform the society as well as the country and nation.

             A good teacher is always above all sorts of narrowness and self-interest. He has a self-sacrificing nature. He sacrifices his own peace, prosperity, and interest for the betterment of his nation.

             A good teacher is one who works for his society and nation. And he works with devotion, discipline, and sincerity. He is a great and noble personality as well as an asset of our society and country.

COMPUTER

In the twentieth century science has raised human civilization up to the highest acme. Machine has brought for mankind such comforts as a man can never dream of even in a fairy land. The machines have enabled man to cross thousands of miles within an hour. It is not miracle that machines have come forward to work as a substitute for human brain. The machine which has come to help the human brain is the computer.

Charles Babes, a British professor of Mathematics, wrote about a formula, which would help human brain. But the modern computer was invented by the American scientist Howard Akin. In 1937 he invented a machine, which could do difficult sums.

In 1944 the work of the computer was only to count numbers quickly, Analogue computers were in vogue at that time. These computers could also do difficult problems of mathematics within a short time. A digital computer can do hundreds of things more than an analogue computer. Now-a-days computer means this digital computer. Computer now helps in innumerable ways.

§     It can successfully translate any particular form of literature.

§     This machine is so improved that in developed countries many works in mills & factories are done by it.

§     It has made a revolutionary change in the field of agriculture in America. Here the farmers sit in their house, put on the switches and the machine plough, manure the land, sow the seeds, reap corns & thrash them through computer.

§     The machine that helps the human to conquer the space is computer.

§     Computer has brought about a rapid change in the field of printing & publication. Now printing is going on with computer.

§     Now-a-days in developed countries computer is used to diagnose a disease. A newer process of operation has been invented by computers as an alternative of surgery.

§     It is used in playing chess, cards & many other interesting games.

§     Telecommunication system has been greatly influenced by computer.

There are no unmixed blessings on earth. Computer has its own demerits. It causes diseases like. ‘Respiratory stress injury’ and weakens the eyesight of the operators.

Computer is the greatest contribution of science today. It is a technical machine. So it should be operated tactfully. It has curtailed human labour & saved its misuse. 

RIVERS OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is a land of rivers. There are many rivers in our country. Some are big and some are small. They wash our lands. The Padma, the Maghna, the Brahmaputra are very big and wide rivers. The Padma is the most famous of them although the Brahmaputra is one of the biggest in the sub-continent. Besides, the Buriganga, the Sitalkha, the Dhaleswari, the Teesta, the Madhumati, the Gomoti, Karnafuli, Goral, Kumar, Arialkha and many others are  the small rivers. Jamuna is one of the biggest rivers of Bangladesh.

Most of the rivers of our country rise from the Himalayan range and fall into the Bay of Bengal. The Padma rise at Gangotri in the Himalayan region and pass through many provincess of India like U.P, Bihar and West Bengal. This river comes into our land near Rajshahi and flows down the Bay of Bengal. The Brahmaputra also rises from the Himalayas and flowing through Assam comes into Bangladesh. It flows down the Bay of Bengal. Similarly many rivers like the Teesta and the Surma rise in the Himalayan region and pass through Bangladesh.

The rivers of Bangladesh play an important role to the wealth of our country. They supply water in dry season and make the land fertile. The rivers serve as the main waterways of Bangladesh. They help our trade and commerce. They help the inhabitants on their banks to become prosperous. The important towns and cities are flourished by the rivers. As for example Dhaka, Narayanganj, Mymenshingh, Rajshahi, Khulna, Chandpur, Sirajgonjs are situated on the bank of the rivers. Many big industries have grown and have finished on their banks.

The rivers of Bangladesh are helping the economy of the country. Since Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country, she depends on the river for her development. The lands are irrigated by the water of the rivers. The rivers are the dwelling place for a rich variety of fishes in all seasons. Fish is one of the main items of food for the people. By exporting fish Bangladesh earns a lot of foreign exchange. The rivers are used for producing electricity. The Hydroelectric projects of the Karnafuli, the Sangu and the Brahmaputra have help us much.

The people of Bangladesh are influenced by the rivers. They love the rivers very much. They have a riverine character. When the rivers are full to the brim, the people sail their boats for long destination. The boatmen sing when they are on the boat. The rivers increase the natural beauty. The people of Bangladesh are emotional and sentimental by the influence of the rivers.

The present condition of the big rivers is not good. The big rivers are going to dry up by the artificial barrage on the rivers. The normal flow of the rivers is blocked by the barrage. The normal flow of the river should be kept unblocked.  

The rivers are natural assets of a country. They help the country by many sides. But the rivers sometimes become furious. Sometimes fertile lands with crops, villages, towns, and business centers go under water and flood takes heavy tolls of human lives and property. Every year Bangladesh falls in such problem. After all the development of Bangladesh depends on the proper use of the rivers.

BIRDS OF BANGLADESH

We cann’t imagine of a spring afternoon when a cuckoo does not breath out it’s sweet, far reaching, appealing songs, we don’t get up in such a morning when the dole, crows and sparrows don’t inform us of a good morning by their awakening call. There are many birds in Bangladesh. Nature is so favorable here that even birds of far off visit this country during winter.

There are many common birds in our country which are eatable or non-eatable, beautiful or ugly, sweet toned or harsh-toned. The description of some birds is given below.

The crow is the most common of all birds. It is an early riser. It is a black and ugly bird. Its voice is harsh. It is thief by nature. It feeds on dead animals and many rotten and dirty things.

The cuckoo is a sweet singing bird which declares the advent of spring. It is as black as the crow.

There are other birds as the doel, sparrow and the Bau-katha-kow. They are all singing birds. The doel is our national bird.

The parrot, the mayna, the shalik, the shyma and the chandana are talking birds. They can imitate the voice of a man. So, they are kept by some people as pet. The pigeon, the swan, the cock etc. are also nice birds and they are called domestic birds. The kite, the hawk and some other birds have eyes and sharp nail. They swore down upon their prey & carry it away. So they are called plundering or hijacking birds.

The game birds are caught for generally eating and fostering. The dove, the pigeon, the snip, bittern, the heron etc belong to this class. They are found in almost every part of Bangladesh.

There are some other common birds that role cann’t be ignored. The tuntuni, the babui, and the sparrow are called tailor birds because they show great skill in weaving their nests. The vulture is a big but it is ugly in looking and habits. The owl is fired looking but it is harmless.

In fine, It can be said that birds are beautiful creation of Allah. Almost all of them are beautiful to look at. Some of them are very useful to us. We shouldn’t be unkind to them. If we pay attention to the protection of birds, they can help us in solving our economic problem.

THE VICTORY DAY

With the surrender of the barbarous Pak Army to the Mukti Bahini and the allied force of Bangladesh on the 16^th December 1971, Bangladesh emerged as an independent state. It was a great day for the people of our country when we realised that the long cherished dream of our country’s freedom had been achieved.

The barbarous Pak Army launched an inhuman attack on the innocent and peace loving people of Bangladesh on the 25^th March 1971. They killed thousands of men and women, raped innumerable women, and killed hundreds of intellectuals of the country. Our roads, railways, waterways, and airways were disrupted. In a word, the Pak army continued a reign of terror throughout the country till their final surrender in the month of December 1971.

But the patriotic sons of Bangladesh faced the situation with courage and determination. The Mukti bahini along with the allied forces inflicted a severe blow on the enemy. The Pakistani forces were being confronted in different sectors of the country and all communication with West Pakistan was cut off. As a result, the Pakistani soldiers lost their spirit and they made unconditional surrender.

The commander of the eastern command of the Pakistani army in Bangladesh was asked by the chief of staff of Indian Armed forces to make unconditional surrender to the Mukti bahini and the allied forces. The instrument of surrender was signed by A.A.K. Niazi on the 16^th December 1971 at the historic race course maidan.

             When the people of the city of Dhaka heard the news of surrender of the Pak Army they came out of their houses, danced in joy and took part in processions chanting different slogans and singing several patriotic songs.

The victory of the 75 million people of Bangladesh symbolises the triumph of justice over tyranny, of truth over falsehood, of light over darkness, of freedom over slavery and Bangladesh achieved existence with a new ardour of society. So the 16^th of December will be remembered forever as the victory day in the history of Bangladesh, because it is the day of liberation of the country.

WONDER OF MODERN SCIENCE/ BLESSINGS OF SCIENCE OR SCIENCE IN EVERY DAY LIFE

The modern age is an age of science. Modern civilization itself is a gift of science. We can see the blessings of science around us. Science has made our life easy and comfortable. So, modern science is a blessing to mankind.

             Science has changed our outlook. We find the impact of science every moment. We get the benefits of science at the time of traveling, cooking, sleeping, eating, and dressing. We have the electric fan to make the hottest day cool for us. The electric light makes the dark night bright. It has changed our life, society, and culture. Electricity is a great source of power and energy. The radio, television electric irons, mills factories and refrigerators all work through the power of electricity.          

We enjoy music in radio and television. The cinema refreshes our mind. We can talk from thousands of miles away by means of telephone. We  can travel thousands of miles in a day.     

Science has developed our agriculture. It has turned a desert into fertile land. Tractor, power pump, and fertiliser increase the production of crops.        

Science has done miraculous task in the field of medical science. It has enabled men to fight against diseases effectively. It has saved human life by inventing medicine penicillin and x-ray which are the wonders of modern science in the field of treatment.

             But science has its disadvantages also. Sometimes it is the cause of sorrows and sufferings of the human civilization. It becomes dangerous during wartime. It has invented destructive weapons like atom bomb. In war, cities are destroyed and millions of people are killed.

So the blessings of science should be utilized for the welfare of mankind.

THE WONDERS OF MODERN SCIENCE

             Modern science has worked wonders. In its rapid progress it goes on creating one wonder after another. In fact, the achievements of modern science are too many to describe here.

The first achievement of modern science is electricity. It has changed our life, society, and culture. It has a great source of power and energy. It works like magic. Modern civilization is indeed creation of electricity. 

             Telephone is another achievement of modern science. It sends out messages from one place to another with the help of electric waves.

Another great achievement of modern science is Radio. It is an instrument by which we can hear the sound/news from any part of the world.

Television is one of the greatest achievements of modern science. It is the most up to date means of communicating thoughts and ideas. It combines both the functions of hearing and seeing.

             The most wonderful of all the working of modern science is the release of nuclear energy. It has made possible the manufacture of the Atom Bomb, the Hydrogen Bomb, and the missiles.

Science has lessened human sufferings. It has given eyes to the blind, hearing to the deaf, legs to the lame. It has found out the new ways of life. It has increased the joy of life.

Penicillin, X-ray, Ultra-violet ray are also a few wonders of modern science in the field of medicine. Science knows no defeat. It has established it self firmly in our hearts.

 

THE IMPORTANCE OF TELEVISION IN OUR LIFE

Television is one of the wonders of modern science. It is the most up-to-date means of entertainment. It provides both sound and pictures to entertain the viewers. It amuses us with its charms. It has really enriched our civilization.

A German scientist, Paul Nepkow, first invented television. Then John Baird modernised it. Basically it is based on electronic photography.

The word “Tele” means distance and “vision” means sight. So, the word television means seeing from distance. Two principles work behind the television. They are transmission of sound and transmission of picture. Television has a great likeness to cinema. We can see the events of the different parts of the world through it. Now it is a very common means of entertainment to people.

Now a days television has become very much popular. We find television set in every house in town or city. In the rural areas it is also available now.

The importance of television in our life is immense. It contributes to the whole world. It informs us with news of politics, science, sports, business, and other events. It is the most popular means of entertainment and mass communication.

Television recreates us greatly. We watch it to enjoy ourselves. It is helpful for lessening our tension and tiredness of routine work. Common people can enjoy themselves easily through watching television. Rural electrification can make people enjoy it a lot. Television is a great contribution of science to modern life. It is the combination of audio and video. It entertains as well as instructs us. It has made our life more happy and enjoyable. So, the importance of television in our life is beyond measure.

 

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A GARMENTS WORKER

Now-a-days Garment industry has been proved to be the most profitable business. It has become main source of foreign currency and employment for our country. We have 1.5 million garment workers. Among them 90% are girls. 30% of them are aged between 13 and 20 years.

Most of the garment factories of our country are not healthy and well ventilated. The working conditions in garments are not so friendly. Insufficient latrines, Lack of clean drinking water, first aid arrangement and excessive noise are the main problems of our garments.

The life that a garment’s worker leads is undoubtedly out of description. Their sorrows and sufferings know no bounds though they are on the move by having jobs created for them. They are deprived of what is their actual due. They are paid only 800.00 or 1000.00 taka for restless working from dawn to twilight. For getting a clear conception on life of a garment worker, now we are going through a day activities of a garment worker.

A garment worker wakes very early in the morning. Taking some stale rice she/he has to go to the factory. He/She goes to the factory on foot. After working about seven hours. He/She gets a little bit interval to take lunch. Almost every time he/she takes lunch from his/her house. If he/she does not do so, he/she takes lunch in a roadside hotel. After taking lunch he/she comes back the factory and work continuously till at night. Sometimes he/she has to work at factory up to 9 or 10 p.m. Though he/she serves overtime, often he/she is not paid properly for his/her overtime duty. It is an irony of fate that international labour laws and regulations are not followed and obeyed at all by the authorities. So every garment worker suffers much. Every new day is a long tiring day for him/her. There is no sign of improvement in his/her way of life. There is no hope, no dream in his/her eye. He/she has just become subjects of exploitation of avaricious garment owners. So government as well as all concerned bodies should take step to improve the lot of every garment worker.

THE MEMORABLE DAY OF MY LIFE.

More than fifteen years have passed since I was born in a village in the district of Chittagong. Now I am nearing my manhood. During this span of life many events have taken place, but all of them are not equally memorable. It is only a few events that I shall ever remember. I cannot forget them for many reasons. It gives me pleasure to describe one of them here.

The occasion was my Aqiqa and beginning of education ceremony. The incident took place in the fifth year of my life. As far as I can remember, I was not given any real name before that occasion. I was called by so many endearing terms that it seemed unnecessary to attach any more names to me. I was variously called by such pet terms as Khokan, Monui, Babul, etc. The term Monu survives still today side by side with my real name given to me on the occasion of my aqiqa ceremony.

On the occasion two goats were sacrificed and a substantial portion of the meat was distributed among the poor. A good number of guests were invited and a grand feast was given to them. The guests brought for me a number of presents. Some of them were very costly articles but the greater part of them were toys. I was very pleased with them and showed them to other children. My mother was busy giving alms to the poor and asked them to pray for my well being. There was a great excitement in our house on that day and it pleased my childish fancy to consider myself as the hero of the occasion. Every body was eager to make friends with me, but I had no time to give them attention.

The ceremony left an abiding impression on my tender mind. Even after long ten years the sweet recollections of that memorable event come to my mind with all vividness and pleasure.

 

 

COUNTRY LOCAL GAME / HADUDU.

             There are many types of games in Bangladesh. Ha-du-du is one of them and is favourite to all. It is played widely in the rural areas.

             Ha-du-du requires a small plain ground. The ground is divided into two equal parts. A line is drawn across the middle of the fields.

             The young, strong and stout boys of the country play Ha-du-du. There are two teams. Each team has equal number of players. Usually each team consists of seven or nine players.

             The players of both the teams take their respective part and stand face to face. A referee guides over the game. One player of a team runs to the other part stopping his breath, with a sound ha-du-du. He tries the best to touch the players of his opponents. If he can touch a player or players and reach his won part with his breath, the touched player or players are called dead. But if he is caught or touched when he is out of breath, he himself is dead. The dead players can not play. They wait outside the ground. The dead players can get life and join the game again if their opponent players are killed by their own ones. Thus the parties send forth players one by one to the area of the opponent party. The game comes to an end when all the players of a party are dead and the other party becomes the winner.

             During the British reign over our country, many of our country games have been replaced by the western games like football, cricket etc. But equal importance should be given to the plain and innocent village games and sports. They are suited to the physical condition of our people. They give sufficient exercise to the limbs of the body.

Last of all our village games are not so dangerous or expensive as many of the foreign games are. Ha-du-du is a good game. It makes us healthy and active. It refreshes our mind. It teaches us discipline and co-operation.

THE SEASON I LIKE BEST

Bangladesh is land of splendid natural wealth, which makes her exquisitely beautiful & exclusively dignified. Sometimes nature looks fiery, demonic and monstrous while sometimes it looks bright, vivid, pleasant & enchanting. Among the six seasons, the autumn is regarded as a season of joy & hope, love & refreshment, serenity & solitude. Of all seasons, the autumn seems to me the most charming and delightful, there is no fervent sun, no muddy ways as well as no rains. All the day nature looks gentle & tranquil. The spring is the only comparable season to autumn, but for some special reasons & attractions, the autumn captivates me more than the spring. This is why I like it best. It comprises the months of September & October.

During this season, nature looks very calms and quite. Gentle breeze blows. The sweet smell of sheuli flowers comes along with breeze. Everywhere there is reign of mirth and gaiety. The gardeners prepare beds for planting new flower plants. The china Rose, the Rose, the Kamine and the Jui are also in bloom in this season.

The birds flying in the sky especially in the western horizon, represents a picturesque sense. When the glowing sun disappears, the sky studded with stars, offers us another excellent sight that stirs our imagination.

In Bangladesh the autumn is a dream season. Different kinds of crops & fruits ripe in this season. Fields look green with the luxuriant growth of crops. It is the season of molasses in villages.

There are some special attractions of this blissful season. Jatra party or folk drams are held in this season. People love to pass this time in merry making. The greatest Hindu Festival ‘Durga Puja’ is also celebrated in a befitting manner in this season. Village fairs are arranged in many villages.

The autumn is a season of joy, comfort & vivacity. The charms of this season have dear appeal to me. It makes me imaginative. Many poets compose lyrical poems appreciating the exquisite beauty of this season. In a word, there is joy in every sphere of nature.

ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

Environment means surrounding of the place where we live. Quite naturally we all want to live in an environment that is favourable to our health and hygiene. We are in need of a fresh air, cool shower and green vegetation. But a healthy and congenial environment is now increasingly becoming scarce. As the civilization advances with the help of science and technology, the hazards to our health and environment increase more and more with passing day.

Smoke and Fumes of motor vehicles are polluting the whole environment constantly. The Factories and plants are releasing them. Poisonous wastes mix with the water of our lakes, rivers and seas. The sky over our heads is becoming heavy with such gases as carbon-di-oxide, methane etc. The ozone sphere above is being depleted by chlorofloro carbon emitted from some industries and jet planes. We must not forget that this Ozone sphere protects us from the deadly effects of the Ultra-violet rays of the sun. Even the natural process of purifying the earth’s atmosphere is being destroyed by an unprecedented scale of deforestation everywhere in the world.

If environment pollution is allowed to go on like this, the world is going to be dangerous to live in. The ecological balance has already been seriously affected. The world’s climate has already changed a great deal and many species of wildlife are becoming extinct. Everybody is aware of the problem, but what is now urgently needed is finding suitable remedies to the problem. All necessary steps must immediately be undertaken to protect the environment for the greatest welfare of humanity and mankind.

THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ENGLISH IN OUR LIFE

English is an international language. Almost every nation of the world depends on this language for national and international affairs .In our country, English is also used to a large extent. And the importance of learning English has become the chief concern for us.

In order to achieve higher education in a university in our country as well as in the other foreign countries we need to learn English because all the books of university level are written in English. As a result, people who want to receive high education have no alternatives of learning this language.

At present, in our country, the success in the competition for jobs totally depends on the skill and knowledge of English. Those who can speak, write, and read English are given much priority. They are considered qualified and competent for the jobs. As a result, the learning of English language has become a pre-requisite for a professional career.

Both in national and international level, English is very necessary. English is used largely for our official purpose, in seminars and symposiums. The talks on different issues involving a foreign country are held in English. The bilateral relations, the deals for different social-economic as well as political affairs between two countries are also conducted in English.

To understand the modern scientific and technological researches and development, it is necessary for us to learn English. Without knowing English, we cannot develop our scientific and technological knowledge.

In order to know the culture and literature of the present world, we must have good command in English language. The outstanding literary works are either written or translated into this language.

In fact, the learning of English has become a part and parcel of our education as well as our professional life. Now a day, everybody is interested and eager to learn this language in order to build up a smooth and bright future.

THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF MODERN SCIENCE

             Modern science has worked wonders. In its rapid progress it goes on creating one wonder after another. In fact, the achievements of modern science are too many to describe here.

The first achievement of modern science is electricity. It has changed our life, society, and culture. It has a great source of power and energy. It works like magic. Modern civilization is indeed creation of electricity. 

             Telephone is another achievement of modern science. It sends out messages from one place to another with the help of electric waves.

Another great achievement of modern science is Radio. It is an instrument by which we can hear the sound/news from any part of the world.

Television is one of the greatest achievements of modern science. It is the most up to date means of communicating thoughts and ideas. It combines both the functions of hearing and seeing.

             The most wonderful of all the working of modern science is the release of nuclear energy. It has made possible the manufacture of the Atom Bomb, the Hydrogen Bomb, and the missiles.

Science has lessened human sufferings. It has given eyes to the blind, hearing to the deaf, legs to the lame. It has found out the new ways of life. It has increased the joy of life.

Penicillin, X-ray, Ultra-violet ray are also a few wonders of modern science in the field of medicine. Science knows no defeat. It has established it self firmly in our hearts.

CELEBRATING PAHELA BAISHAKH

Pahela Baishakh is one of the most popular public celebrations in Bangladesh. This day bears special significance and importance for our culture, literature and civilization as well. Every year this cultural and traditional day is celebrated all our the country with great enthusiasm and funfair. Pahela Baishakh is the beginning of the Bangali new year. People from all walks of life start to celebrate this great occasion as soon as it stikes the hour of 12 a.m. It opens a new  Bangali calendar and inspires us to start a new life with fresh hopes, dreams and vitality. Pahela Baishadk lasts for only one day, but this short tme is considered more significant and important than a week or month. Pahela Baishakh is observed throughout the whole country both in towns and villages. In cities, alifferent socio-cultural organizations chalkout various programmes in orer to celebrate this festive day. Seminass, symposiums workshops are held to highlight the significance of the day. Different musical programmes, traditional fold music and folk songs are organized. The village celebrate Pahela Baishakh with the traditional tlalkhata. Sometimes the villages organise “Baishakhi Mela” to observe this day. Pahela Baishkh is a very special day for us. Girls and boys especially teenagers wear different colourful dresses as well as colours on their nose and cheek. festoons, placards in thir hands and caps on their head are seen. Girls usually wear white sarees with red edge. They wear flowers round their srists and on their hair. Men wear panjabi and pajamas. They come out of the home early in the morning and pass the festive day by enjoying themselves. Pahela Baishakh opens a new chapter of life. This reminds us of the ageold traditions of our society. It also gives us a rare opportunity for merriment and festivity

 

PROBLEMS OF CITY LIFE

Most of the cities of our country have been founded in an unplanned manner. So, the problems of city life are numerous.

Pollution in cities is a general problem of our country. Air and water have been polluted. The cause of air pollution is black-smoke emitted from buses, trucks, car, mills etc. The water in cities is not safe because of mismanagement. There is also sound pollution in city. Pollution problem is increasing day by day. There are office problems which the people of different cities have to face. Soon path of the cities occupied by vendors and hawkers. So the pedestrains are mostly victims. We notice a pile of garloage. It is not removed in time. As a result, it spreads unpleasant smell. There are problems of unemployment, transportation etc.

We are unlucky that our cities are full of problems. It is quite unexpected. So, quick remedy of these problems is required to enjoy a easy and peaceful life in cities.

Habitation problem in cities is very much acute. A large number of people are migrating from rural area to city for employment. But there is not sufficient accommodation for these migrating people in cities. Especially, the Dhaka city faces these problems intensively. Many people have to pass night under open sky.

Traffic Jam is another dreadful problem in the cities. There are traffic Jams in every city more or less in our country. But Dhaka, the capital city, experiences big traffic Jam. The television screen displays the big traffic Jam of the Dhaka city.

YOUR TOUR OF THE CITY OF DHAKA

OR, A VISIT TO THE CITY OF DHAKA

Since my boyhood, I have been very much interested to pay a visit to Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. At last I got an opportunity when my elder brother was transferred to Dhaka from Chittagong last year.

Dhaka is an ancient city. It was founded by subeder Islam Khan during the reigh of Jahangir, the Mughal emperor. There are many historical relics and things of historical interest in Dhaka. It is the biggest city of Bangladesh.

I stayed with my brothers in Dhaka a few days. During my short stay, at Dhaka, I visited almost all the places of historical interest. I moved from place to place by bus, baby taxi and ricushaw. When I passed through Nawabpur Road, I was struck with the dazzling sights of the big shops. I went to Gulistan, the D.I.T. Avenue, and Motijheel commercial area. The wide and spacious national stadium. the Baitul Mokarram Mosque etc. I visited the Bango-Bhaban, the Shilpa Bhaban the Kamlapur railway station, Hotes sonargaon, and Zia International Airport etc. I was visited Zoological garden at mirpur. At last, I went to Savar where a wonderful monument is erected in the memory of national Liberation.

I am very much pleased for visiting a real place of historical interest. I have also gathered knowledge about Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. It is really a charming place.                                                                                                                                                                     

WHAT YOU USUALLY DO AT HOME

OR, VARIOUS ADIVITIES IN LEISURE PERIOD

Time runs very fast. In order to keep pace with time some people do not think about any leisure period. They do not even think that they can stop their business for a movement and spend a few hours in merriment. Infect taking a short break in the middle of the work refreshes the mind and brings more interest in the work. There are many activities what we usually do at home which are both entertaining and outlining way of passing the leisure period considering some playing, some reading stories and novels. There are many more activities to pass leisure period like collecting stamps, gardening, potplanting, pet or animal husbandry fishing hunting and so on.

There are some other activities what we do usually at home. I like reading books. It is a very common pastime activity in our country. Like some other people, I also like to listen music at my home in pastime. Bangla, Hindi and English sons I mainly heart at my home in leisure period.

There are many ponds, canals, marshy lands and haors in our country and they abound with fish. So fishing is a favourite pastime activity to me. Gardening is a very popular pastime activity in our country. So I usually pass my free time in gardening at home.

There is another remarkable activity to pass leisure period. It is watching satellite TV. programme. But it is not always beneficial. Even sometimes it is waste of time and harmful. So, I do want to avoid it.

The habit of pastime differs from person to person. One should choose one’s way of passing leisure period according to one’s desire, mentality, social position and ability. But we should bear in mind that we shouldn’t be addicted to any activity and our pastime activity should never interrupt our main business and duty.

DRUG ADDICTION.

Drug addiction has become a serious national problem in our country. In past it was confined the industrial area of western countries. Now it spreads developing county like Bangladesh.

Addiction means some unprotect able attraction for some harmful things. The things, which cause intoxication in man, are called drugs. These drugs include opium, morphine, heroine, cocaine, patheding etc. Pathedine and morphine are to be injected for intoxication. These drugs are used for intoxication and stimulating effect. An addict can not go even a day without taking them. If the addicts do not take drug a terrible reaction happens in their body.

Drug causes terrible effect on human body. Drug addicts feel drowsiness. They lose their appetite and feel vomiting the brain cells of addicts damage their nerves gradually become inactive and ultimately is infact a poor country. But it is a matter of sorrow that the effect of western culture has attracted some of our youth. So, drug addicts are increasing day by day in Bangladesh. It is spreading just like pestilence.

There are many causes of drug addiction. Some of them are unemployment problem, object poverty, political unrest, lack of social security and family dispute etc.

Drug addiction paradises our social life. Anti-drug law should be enforced strictly. Parents should be more careful about their children. Our Young generation should be made aware of the dangerous effect of drug taking. Above all the educated persons of our country will have to come forward to solve this problem. 

THE IMPACT OF SATELLITE ON OUR CULTURE

Present age is the age of science and technology. Many scientific intentions have made our lifestyle more easy and enjoyable. Satellite TV. is one of them. This invention of science has brought almost the whole world in our living room. The utility of scientific discovery mainly depends upon the user of it. When the user uses it fairly it is a good invention, otherwise it is a bad invention.

Satellite TV. Channels are now days very familiar to the people of our country and within common people’s reach. It is a very effective media of recreation. The programmes shown in various channels are very attractive. Desire to know the unknown and to see the unseen is really satiated by the satellite TV. Channels. Channels of the foreign countries help us to know the culture, tradition and language of those countries. Through satellite Channels we can get the current news of the world. The news Channels are very important, because they telecast up-to-date news of the world. By watching documentary Channels like the Geographic Channels or the discovery Channels we can learn many things. Moreover, these Channels are the best friends to the lonely and sickly people to pass their time.

But Satellite TV. Channels have some demerits also sometimes the Channels do not watch with our culture. They telecast some programmes which impress the looker so badly that he/she may lose his/her own culture and art violently. Sometimes the viewer gets addicted to these Channels and become lazy and good for nothing. There are also some Channels, which telecast indecent programmes. These programmes lay a bad patch in the mind of the viewers. Sometimes the viewer forgets his/her culture and adopts the culture of the foreign country. This is really very horrible and constant threat to our own culture and tradition.

Actually, the impact of the Satellite TV. Channels depend on the looker. How the looker is taking the programmes is the question. Every thing has a positive and negative side. we are human beings. Allah has endued us with the sense of judging the good and the bad. So, it is our responsibility follows the good way.

MY FAVOURITE FOODS

We are a cierlised nation. We possess an old tradition and culture. We have some favourite foods. My favourite are stated below.

Rice is not only our staple food, but also our favourite food. We are known as “machhe-bhate Bangali.” However, most of our people eat rice almost three times a day. We eat different kinds of fishes such as shing, koi, boal, Shoal, pangas, rui, hilsha and so on. Hibha is our national fish. I like meat very much. We usually eat mutton, beef and chicken. But among them chicken is liked by me the most.

I like to eat different-kinds of dal. There are mushuri, kheshari moog, chhola, mashkolai and so on. But mushuri is liked by me very much.

Khichuri is my favourite food. It is cooked by mixing rice and dal. Sometimes meat is added to it. It is a very nutritious food.

I am fond of different kinds of pithas, I eat patisapta, bhapa, chiti and so on. Among these pithas patisqota and bhapa are most favourite to me. Besides, I like different kinds of pithas made with rice, sugar and milk. Pithas are made on different occasions.

Payesh is another favourite food to me. It is supplied in different occasions, It is cooked with rice sugar and milk. It is very tasty food.

We have really some interesting favorite foods, which are rarely seen among the people elsewhere.

CITY LIFE OR TOWN LIFE IN BANGLADESH

Those who have live in the country find city life most unpleasant. The noise, bustle, the smokes and the dust, the suffocated air and unrest are as though there is no time to stand and stare at the beauties of life and nature which bewilders the heart of countrymen.

But a man who is brought up in the city has different feeling all together. All this crowd and busy men are to him a perpetual tonic. They have the sharp thinking of reality. They bring him in touch with the humanity and fill of his mind with a sense of human fellowship. He feels himself in the midst crowd, the shock of men, a small unit floating on a vast sea of humanity whose constant ebb and flow is being something elemental something that is inexplicable movement of natural forces.

             City life has its own patroller pattern. The day breaks not with the song of birds but with the cries of street hawkers, the battle of vehicular traffic the thousand of noises become a greater tubbier.

Yet city life as we know in our country is unattractive. Most of the houses are crowded to suffocation, want of fresh air and light, the congested localities are extremely unhealthy. Streets are full with unsightly beggars, unwanted dogs and cattle wandering at their will.

It was Mr. Johnson, Who once said, “When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life.” The same can be said of every big city. There are many reasons for the people who have fondness for the city. One loves, “This righting reality, this earthiness divine.” The city is source of livelihood for many and a sort of compilation which ties them up inspite of all its disadvantages. It is the centre of thousands of trades.

Above all a city is a variable university for men who like to aquiver wisdom from observation and experience. Now a days in order to modernise the town, efforts are being taken so we can hope that all disadvantage will be removed soon.

TECHNICAL EDUCATION

We live in the age of machines. There are few households in our country that do not depend upon machinery directly or indirectly. We are now dressed by machinery, transported by machinery, lighted by machinery. Our amusements are being performed by the mechanical contrivances of radios televisions and cinemas.

Hence, we have to be mechanics and technicians to manage these, and must build up heavy industries to manufacture these. The need for industrial education in our country is no longer a discussion only. Those days have gone by when to be a clerk in an office, driving the quill under the soothing breeze of fans. Today we are eager to take our place by the side of power driven gigantic machines.

Technical education is the training in practical art and science. It means learning a particular art or science or a craft. No training is thorough without a scientific basis. No nation can be great without a large number of technically qualified men. The shortage of technicians is hampering our industries.

There are various branches of technical education. These are, engineering, commercial, medical, agricultural, industrials and mining. Separate institutions exist for these subjects. Bangladesh has set up some of the institutions. Technical education helps the industrialisation of a country,. It provides employment to a good number of citizens.

It is highly encouraging that there has been considerable change in the outlook of our government and of the people towards technical education. The Government has realised that the rapid development of the country through industrialisation and mechanised agriculture is impossible without technically qualified manpower.

MY FAVOURITE POET

Poetic combination is a source of sinless pleasure and joy. I am a good reader of poems written by different poets. Among them, I favour Kazi Nazrul Islam. His poems are full of revolution, inspiration of life and vibration of music in fact, Nazrul Islam is a poet of renaissance.

             Nazrul Islam was born in 1306 BS at Churulia, a small village in the district of Burdwan. From his very boyhood he showed great courage and fearlessness which were to mark his writings later. This restless spirit did not allow him to stay long at a particular place. He could not confine himself to the routine of the classroom. In his young age he was found at school at one time. He joined a music party ant later on in the warfront fighting as a soldier on the side of the Allies, during the First World War.

             The contribution made by Nazrul in the field of Bengali literature is still shining like glowing stars. After returning from the battlefield. Nazrul exchanged the sword for the pen. Nazrul took up his pen and began blowing up fire for the English rulers through his writing. The sorrows and sufferings of the subjugated nation tinned him into a rebel poet. Through his famous poem Bridrohi he expressed “the feelings of the mute millions of this sub continent.” This single poem was enough to make the poet immortal.

             All his poems show it his great love and sympathy for the poor. He fought with all his power against professional tyranny, superstition, conservation, and in justice. He stands out as a revolutionary and his works like Agnibeena, Sarbahara, Bisher Bansli and Samajbad, are full of revolutionary  fever. He called his countrymen to shatter the chains of slavery for which he was thrown into prison.

             His every statement is a permanent wealth of Bangali. Literature. Nazrul made a fine blending of words from different languages and cultures in his writing more successfully than any other poet.

             He wrote to encourage the ordinary people to fight against injustice. I am really impressed with his glaring works in literature.

OBEDIENCE TO PARENTS

             Obedience is a great virtue. Learn to obey and you will be obeyed said Wellington. Parents are the source of our lives on this earth. They are our nearest and dearest ones. Without them our lives are unthinkable. So we should obey them.

We have seen the light of the world only for the mercy of our parents. They have tenderly brought us up since infancy. They have forgotten their comport and sacrificed their lives for our cause. They give us food and clothes. They educate us they take great care of us when we are ill. We cannot survive without their selfless care. So we have a lot of duties towards them.

             In every religion it is admitted that heaven lies under the feet of parents. Obedience to parents is a part of religion. To please the parents is to please Allah. So it is our only duty to satisfy them at the cost of our lives. It is also said that, to serve the parents is to serve Allah.

Our duties towards parents are many. We must do everything to please our parents. We must care for their wishes, their liking, and disliking. We should not do anything that may displease them we should not utter any words that may pain in them.

             In the old age we must treat them with love and care as they did for us in our childhood. We must buy them food, clothes and medicine. We must act according to their directions.

             If a child does not obey his or her parents, they will meet with dangers at every step of life. Examples of obedient children are many in the present world. A disobedient son or daughter can never prosper in life.

Considering the selfless services of our parents we should always be obedient to them. If we do so we will surely be blessed. We should always remember that all the great men of the world had high regards for their parents. So, they are successful in their lives. Our great saint Hazrat Abdul Kuder Zilani is a good example.

FLOWERS OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is a land of flowers. Flowers are the special gifts of nature in Bangladesh. They decorate the land with colour, smell, beauty and charm to the land. Everybody loves flowers. Many kinds of flowers bloom all the year round.

There are various kinds of flowers in our country. They are so many that we do not know even the names of them all. They differ in size, smell, and colour. Some are large, some are small,. some are white, some are red, some are red, some are pink, some are flowers that smell sweet, while  some are scentless. Some flowers are liked for their beauty, while some others are liked for both beauty and scent.

             The rose is the best of all flowers. It is called the queen of flowers. People like it for its sweet scent and beauty. It grows on a plant, which is thorny.

             The lotus is well known for its delicate perfume. The marigold has a bright colour and a strong smell. It decorates and beautifies the homestead during the winter season. The beli, the jui, the chameli, the champa, and the gandhoraj are all frgrant flowers. The kamini is a very soft flower. The bokul is another type of well known flower, having a delicate scent. The sheuli has a snow-white colour.

             The krishnachura, the karabi and the palash are all scentless and bloom on big trees. All grow in clusters. Kadom also bloom on big trees and they are a special kind of flowers in the rainy season. The sunflowers of different sizes are found in different places. Winter and spring are the seasons of these flowers.

             The hasnahena and the rajanigandha give out their fragrance at night.

Some flowers bloom in water. The lotus and the lily grow in watery places. Shapla is our national flower. It grows everywhere in plenty. It is white with pinks. Kalmi also grows in watery places.

             We love flowers for their beauty and scent. They are the symbols of beauty and purity. We present bouquets of flowers to our beloved persons and we also garland our leaders and visitors when they grace our functions. Bees gather honey from flowers and store it in their hives. We get honey from these hives. We get rose water and otto from the petals of roses.

             Flowers are the most beautiful objects of nature. So men women and children of Bangladesh love flowers all a like. Such a flowery beautiful land is rare in the world.

BANGLADESH OUR HOMELAND OR OUR COUNTRY

Bangladesh is our motherland. It is not one of the best countries in the world. It is very poor and backward country. Yet to me it is the dearest place in the world. i love my country very much.

             Bangladesh is surrounded on the west, north and east by Indian territories. Her border on Burma to the southeast. To the south there lies the Bay of Bengal. The area of Bangladesh is about 1,47,570 square kilometres. She is divided into six divisions and 64 districts. She has a population of about 130 million. The population is increasing day by day. So the effect of her large population is quite harmful.

             Our country is a land of rivers. So it is called a riverine country. The remarkable rivers are the Padma, the Mdeghna, the Jamuna, the Karnafuli, Surma, etc. They are very important for transportation and fishing. The villages and towns beside them have made the country really incomparable.

             The Bay of Bengal in the south has added the beauty of our country. The forests close of it are very charming. Various birds and animals are there. The royal Bengal tiger, spotted deer and pythons have made the vast Sundarbans  an exception in the world.

Including forests birds and animals Bangladesh is unique for its beauty. Many tourists come here to visit the longest sea beach in Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata.          

Though there happens floods, cyclones, draughts etc. but it is our dear motherland. It is now an independent country after a great sacrifice of the martyrs and patriots. As a nation, we have varieties due to culture, customs, manners, and tribes. So we are indebted to our motherland. We should remain careful of peace and sovereignty of our country at the cost of our life.

BLESSINGS OF SCIENCE OR SCIENCE IN EVERY DAY LIFE

The modern age is an age of science. Modern civilization itself is a gift of science. We can see the blessings of science around us. Science has made our life easy and comfortable. So modern science is a blessing to mankind.

             Science has changed our outlook. We find the impact of science every moment. We get the benefits of science at the time of traveling, cooking, sleeping, eating, and dressing. We have the electric fan to make the hottest day cool for us. The electric light makes the dark night bright. It has changed our life, society, and culture. Electricity is a great source of power and energy. The radio, television electric irons, mills factories and refrigerators all work through the power of electricity.

We enjoy music in radio and television. The cinema refreshes our mind. We can talk from thousands of miles away by means of telephone. We  can travel thousands of miles in a day.     

Science has developed our agriculture. It has turned a desert into fertile land. Tractor, power pump, and fertiliser increase the production of crops.        

Science has done miraculous task in the field of medical science. It has enabled men to fight against diseases effectively. It has saved human life by inventing medicine penicillin and x-ray which are the wonders of modern science in the field of treatment.

             But science has its disadvantages also. Sometimes it is the cause of sorrows and sufferings of the human civilization. It becomes dangerous during wartime. It has invented destructive weapons like atom bomb. In war, cities are destroyed and millions of people are killed.

So the blessings of science should be utilised for the welfare of mankind.

 

THE HOUSE I LIVE IN

             Our house stands in a reputed village. It is a two-storied brick-built house. There are two bedrooms and a study room in the first floor. Our house is very beautiful to look at. We always try to keep it neat and clean.

             The house faces to the south. It is open in the east. So sunlight and fresh air can easily get into it. The general health of its inhabitants is, therefore good. The kitchen stands in the north. The latrine has sanitary arrangements. There is a large tank in front of our house.

             We bathe and swim in this tank. We often catch fish from this tank. We have tube-well that supplies us with pure drinking water.

             There are two gardens in our house one for flowers and the other for vegetables. The flower garden is just below my reading room. When the plants are in flower, they look so beautiful, we grow many kind of vegetables in our kitchen garden.

             The site of our house is healthy. Its compound has been considerably heightened so that water cannot stand on it, in the rainy season. There is a running wall all around the house  having only one-entrance gate.

             My room is on the western side of the house. It is on the top floor. The windows are quite big. Sun light and fresh air can easily enter into the room. The sight fills my heart with inexpressible joy. We are ten members in our family. Ours is a happy family living in the house.

DIGNITY OF LABOUR

When Allah sent a male in the earth. He commanded him to earn his bread by work. It signifies that labour is sacred and dignified.

Labour indicates manual labour and mental labour. Manual labour means doing something with one’s own limbs mainly hands. It is called physical labour, Intellectual activities are termed as mental labour. Manual labour and mental labour are closely connected. Both are useful.

Nothing great and noble can be achieved without manual labour. In our daily affairs of life manual labour plays a very important role. The work of a housewife, a farmer, a weaver, and others are very important. The modern cultivation would be next to impossible without manual labour. Every honest work is noble. It brings their followers to be industrious. Therefore manual labour is sacred. It brings prosperity in life.

A man who does not like to do works must not be able to earn his food. He will have either go on starvation or to steal. As a result, he is hated and neglected by others. He dies leaving nothing behind him. So negligence of work can not earn respect from other.

It is the labour by which a man can fulfil his desires. A man who works honestly is sure of getting his food, clothes, and shelter.

All great men of the world are honoured by manual labour. The life history of great men like Hazrat Muhammad (sm.), Emperor Nasir Uddin, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar teaches us lessons on dignity of labour. They all did every possible work with their own hands.

Industry is the mother of good luck. We should be industrious to attain success in life.

FRUITS OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is rich with various types of fruits. Many kinds of fruits are available here. Among them orange, mango, lichi, jack fruit, guava, palm are most common. Their size, colour, and taste are different. But they all are nutritious. Most of these fruits are seasonal fruits.

             There are many kinds of summer fruits. Among them, the mango, the jackfruit, the melon, the lichi are very common. These fruits are very tasty to eat and their flavour is very sweet. The mango is called the king of all fruits. The jackfruit is a large kind of fruit. It is our national fruit. Others are small in size but very tasty.

The pineapple, the guava, the amra, and so on are the fruits of the rains. The pineapple grows in plenty in Sylhet and Rangamati. It is a juicy fruit with vitamins. The guava and amra are very health giving. They provide us with vitamin C.

             The Orange, the Olive, the woodapple, the plum are the fruits of winter. The guava and the plum are favourite to the children.

             The banana and the coconut are available throughout the year. The banana of Rampal and Narsingdi are famous. People take coconut and banana greatly. They are very nutritious and helpful for our health.

             Fruits are good food. They are rich in food value. They contain a lot of mineral salts and vitamins. We can keep sound health by eating them in plenty. We can also earn much foreign exchange by exporting fruits.

             The fruits of Bangladesh are full of variety. They can help our economy to be developed if these are properly preserved. Fruits can be helpful to build up our national health. We should try to grow more fruits.

HOW I CELEBRATE A RELIGIOUS FESTIVAL

OR THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EID-UL-FITR.

Eid-ul Fitr, is the greatest religious festival of the Muslims all over the world. It is celebrated with great joy throughout the young ones, who remain eager for Eid, as it draws near. The very thought of it fills a Muslim’s heart with exceeding joy.

The month of Ramdan is the month of fasting and prayer. It is the month of self denial and devotion. A Muslim passes through all the trials and rules of the month. He is thus purified in heart and disciplined in character.

Eid-ul-Fitr takes place on the first day of Shawwal. On this day the Muslims make charity and give a fixed amount of money to the poor. This is called fitr. So the name of this festival is Eid-ul Fitr.

Every Muslim, poor or rich, young, or old gets up early in the morning on the Eid day. We take bath and breakfast and put on the best clothes. Then we go the nearest masque or Maidan to offer prayer along with hundreds of others and say. ‘Eid Mubarak’ which means ‘I wish you a happy Eid’. On this day rich food is prepared in every house. People go to each other’s house to pay a visit. And anyone who comes to visit his friends or relations, is at least entertained with a plate of ‘Semai.’ In the afternoon a fair is held in every village and town. Children go there to buy toys and sweets and enjoy a ride on a moving wooden horse or box, which is known as ‘Charak gach.’ But on thisday the rich do not forget the poor. The rich gives fitar, from which comes the name ‘Eid-ul Fitr.’

‘Eid-ul-fitr’ has a great lesson for Muslims. It teaches them to have love for all men and makes them feel great bond of union among the Muslims.

 

THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF TRAVELLING

             In Europe after a student passes out of the university, he goes out travelling. It is a part of his education. He may travel about for a year or he may do so for the month, according to his means. But he goes out on travel in order to see the people of other countries, to know about their language, study their customs and ever all conditions. He supplements his theoretical learning by personal experience.

             Travelling teaches us many things. It makes history real. Historical accounts of ancient Bangladesh will remain unreal until we go to visit important historical places. Travelling also gives us a true conception of the geographical, geological and mineral sources of our country. It creates in us the interest for investigation, and discovery.

             The travelling has more indirect lessons to teach us. The man who lives in a village is not the same man after he has visited the town. His mind becomes enriched, his outlook broadens, he learns that the world is a much bigger place than his village. The wider he travels the greater he learns.

             Travelling also develops resource fullness. In our travels we are facing with many difficulties. Language of other place is unknown to us, so we feel utterly helplessness. The traveller will be found more resourceful in devising means to overcome many problems in the way of life. He is ready, witty, quick to invent and prompt to execute. These lessons are much greater than learning from more books.

             The man who does much travel has tendency to be a great gossiper. He often tries to draw attention by exaggerating his deeds by his advertising. He is a teacher and he can educate others out of his knowledge and experience.

FAVOURITE GAME

There are many kinds of games in our country. Of all games I like football most. It was first played in England. Now it is played in all countries of the world.

Football is my favourite game because it has some advantages. It is not as costly as cricket. It gives us much delight. It is an exciting game.

Football is an outdoor game. It demands a large field. It is 120 yards long and 80 yards wide. There are two goal posts at each end. The game is played between two teams. Each team has 11 players.

Of them one is goalkeeper, two full backs, three half backs and five forwards on one side. There is a referee to conduct the game.

A ball is placed at the centre of the field. The referee whistles and the game begins. Then each team tries to pass the ball through the opposite goal post. But they can not touch the ball with hands. Only the goalkeeper can touch and catch it. There is an interval of 10 minutes. The sides are changed after the interval. Both sides try their best to defeat the other. The team, which scores more goals, wins the game.

It is a good form of exercise. It improves the health of a player and makes him prompt careful, strong, and healthy. It has also a great risk. Sometimes our legs or other parts of the body may be broken at this game.

                                                                                                                     

UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is burdened with a lot of problems. Unemployment problem is one of them. When a man is out of any kind of productive work, he is said to be in a state of unemployment. It is very shameful for men and also for country.

Unemployment problem is not only our national problem but also a world wide problem. No country of the world can boastfully claim that she is absolutely free from the problem of unemployment. The reasons are not far to seek. In the first place our country is industrially very backward. There are few mills, factories, and farms, in our country. Cottage industries are not in flourishing condition. The mills and factories that we have can give employment to a limited number of people. Similar is the case with agriculture. As the supply of land is limited it can not employ a large number of peoples. Secondly, there is limited employment opportunity in our country. Our system of education fails to give a student an independent start in life. Our student and youth have a false sense of dignity and prestige in being officers. They think that services are more honourable than independent business. So they run madly after jobs the opportunity of which is necessarily very limited. Besides these, inequitable distribution of national wealth and abnormal growth rate of population are also the reasons of this problem.

It is curse for men. Every man wants to live in peace. The unemployment problem obstructs men’s expectation. An unemployed man has to lead a vagabond life. Life becomes burden to him moreover an unemployed man has a lazy brain which very soon becomes the devils workshop. An analysis of social evils shows that many of them have unemployment at their root.  

Unemployment problem is great in our country. The solution of this problem is the industrialisation of our country. A large number of mills, factories should be established throughout the country. Then these industries will be able to give employment to a large number of people. Vocational education should be introduced. Students must have to learn a technical work. Then we should change our attitude of life. We should learn to choose an independent career having due respect for manual labour. Last of all we should try to increase our national income and distribute it equitably.

The problem of unemployment is a very big problem in our country. Whatever be the cause or causes, proper steps should be taken and we should try our best for the solution of this problem. But for timely and effective steps it may assume so alarming a dimension as to wear away our economy and ultimately ruin our nation.

JOURNEY BY BOAT

“The world is too much with us; Late or soon.

Glittering and spending, we lay waste our powers;

Little we seen in Nature that is ours ...............”

(Rabindranath Tagore)

The poet’s expression is justified in this point of view. Really our dear Sonar Bangla is grand which is criss-crossed by innumerable rivers and rivulets like silvery lines over the land of luscious greenery. A journey by boat with the rippling waves singing the lullabies is very pleasant and exciting.

It was the summer vacation and some of my friends decided to cruise on the mighty Karnafully by boat. Out view was to enjoy and pass the long vacation. It was planned that we would set out early in the morning to enjoy the sunrise. So according to our decision, we hired a ferryboat. 

On the appointed morning we started our journey from Saderghat. Then it was 5 o’clock in the morning. Then the fine morning breeze was blowing which refreshed us. In a short while, our boat came to the middle of the river. All on sudden, we observed a very strange thing in the eastern horizon. A glowing-coloured big red-ball of the rising sun came to our view. We realised that the sun was going to declare the day. After then I gazed at the countryside on the both banks of the rivers where the lives of the day started in the meantime. Then I remember a few lines of Monomohan Ghose, a great Bangali poet:      

“What is you charm to the passionate charm of faces

  This ravishing reality, this earthiness divine.”

The vast area of cultivable land with village were dotted here and there. A mans habitation was marked by tall shoots of bettlenut and coconut plantations as while the village homesteads are punctuated by banana groves and various suits and fruit-trees. At one stage, the Karnafully Shah Amanat Bridge came to our view. From the distance, it looked smoky and grand. In the meantime, the heat of the rising sun began to pour strongly. We decided to get back. Then our hearts were too full. One of us sang softly a devotional song of Lalon Fakir and another a fold song of Tagore. But all these surpassed when we sang of Bhatiali ............

 “O merciful your mercy is infinite

   Ferry me across the sea of life.

Then I realized why our deepest emotion found no echo in common speech but must seek an outlet in poetry and music. When once again our boat touched the shore we had a profound sense of fulfillment. Like Wordsworth Peterbell says ......... “A Primrose on the river’s brim,

  A yellow primrose was to him, 

  And it was nothing more.”

I can only describe the trip but hardly the joy that it brought with me. According to William Wordsworth .................       “The music in my heart, I bore,

   Long after it was heard no more.”

(The Solitary Reaper)

Really it was a pleasant journey for us and on the same way the journey was ended leaving some memory behind us.

THE ANNUAL SPORTS OF YOUR SCHOOL

The annual sports day of a school is really a day of joy and happiness to its students. The last sports day of our school came off on the 15^th February 2003. On that day prizes were distributed among the boys and girls who were first, second and third in the sports. I got two prizes one for long Jump and another for high jump. My joy knew no bounds.

Every year we enjoy the annual sports of our school in the month of February mainly. It is the greatest event of the year starts from the two weeks before the sports day, the sports teacher beings the preparation of events along with the help of other teachers. The students also participate in the process by submitting names and forming a volunteer’s team.

Through hit and trial of several days the team of athletics and sportsmen who will take part on the sports complete their preparation.

We decorated the main gate beautifully. The field was enclosed with bamboo sticks. They were covered with coloured paper, A shamiana was hoisted, and the seating arrangements were made under it. Making the arrangement nicely the field was prepared well for the event.

The chief guest arrived just at 9 a.m. He hoisted the national flag. The next attraction was the march past of the competitors of the students of class ten. Then the chief guest declared the sports opening.

The competitors were divided into three groups senior, junior, and intermediate. I was also a competitor. I belonged to the senior group. There were about twenty events. I participated in three of them long Jump, the high jump and the hop step and jump. All the items were performed according to the printed programme. The most exciting items were the cockfight, the sack race and the musical chair. At the end of every item the names of winners were announced and they stood up on the victory stand. I got first position in the long jump and second position in the high jump. Unluckily I failed to achieve any position in the hop step and jump. But it could not snatch away my joy.

When the items were over, the chief guest distributed prizes among the winners. The function came to an end at 3-30 p.m. It was really happy occasion.

 

HOW I SPENT MY LAST SUMMER VACATION

I am very fond of visiting. Whenever I get an opportunity I visit my friends and relatives. I got such a great opportunity last month. My school remained closed for a long period of time on account of the summer vacation. And I a great secure of chances if holidays my friends relatives and most import of my entire village home.

I spent the first few days of my vacation in visiting my friend’s house and passed a day with him. He at once became interested to accompany me to my village. Then I also visited my aunt’s house and there I convinced one of my cousins to spend his vacation with me in my village home.

             Then I along with my friends and cousins went to my village home. My uncle and other members of his family were very happy to see us. They greeted as heartily and offered us sweets. We got up very early in the morning and walked in the morning air.

             Everyday we walked around the village from morning till evening with our cousin and talked to my local people. Soon I became very intimate with the villagers.

We did many interesting and delightful things. We searched for the nest of birds, caught fishes in the pond, went to the village markets and saw how the villagers work etc.

During my stay in the village with the help of my cousin I learnt how to swim. However, very soon our vacation ended and we returned to our city leaving my village behind us.        

Thus I passed my last summer vacation joyfully in visiting my friends, relatives and village home.

 

FAVOURITE PERSON

THE PERSON I LIKE MOST

We are human beings. It is our inherent quality to maintain good relation with others. Among these people we sometimes like somebody more or less. The person I like most is my father.                  

I have a good sense of observation over all sorts of people. But I have noticed that my father is quite different from others. His personality his behaviour, his honesty, and his sympathy for others are really praiseworthy.

In our village the honesty of my father is known to all. I have noticed him never telling lies. He is absolutely a truthful man. He never tells a lie to gain material benefit. He is ready to sacrifice his life for honesty, if the situation demands.

My father is dutiful to our family. Hi is the only source of income of our family. His income is not much but he provides our daily necessaries with his low income. Every body is content with his maintenance. Whenever any member of our family falls ill, he takes him/her medical centre for treatment. In all respects he is a responsible man.

My father is a man of principle .He is a strict man. He never allows me to do evil thing .He has taught me to speak the truth mentioning the proverb, “Honesty is the best policy” .He always tells me to study seriously for building a better future .He has a greater concern for me. I also try to fulfill my father’s expectations.

My father believes in Almighty Allah for my success as a great man. He exercises the rules of Islam in his practical life. He has dignity in the society because of his friendly nature. He lives in peace in the society. Therefore, I like him most.

THE PROBLEMS OF ROADS IN BANGLADESH

Road communication is an important part of the entire communication system of Bangladesh. But it can not meet well the needs of modern life because roads and high ways are not much developed in our country.

There are two types of roads in Bangladesh. The highways are metalloid but most of the roads in the countryside are mud build. Bangladesh has 25 thousand miles of roads. Trucks, buses, cars, scooters ply on these roads. Road communication is not much developed in Bangladesh. The roads and highways in mast parts are narrow. Hundreds of trucks and public buses rush with anagramming speed. A journey along the highways is often unsafe and risky. Road accidents occur frequently and take a heavy toll of human life. The highway that leads to Aricha Ghat is of heavy traffic. The bus and truck drivers on this road very often lose their control. The kutcha roads get muddy in the rainy season and are full of dust in the dry season.

Road communication in Bangladesh is backward for a number of reasons. Our country is a delta region and in most places the land is low. A network of rivers, canals, and marshy lands spreads all over Bangladesh. The cost of making roads and building bridges is very expensive and time killing.

Only major towns, sub-divisional towns, upazillas, and parts are connected by roads. Moreover, existing roads and highways are largely damaged and destroyed during the liberation war.

Progress of a country largely depends on the development of roads and high ways. Bangladesh does not have enough money to connect the remotest corners of the country with roads and high ways. Still road communication is easy and quick. Hence the Govt. should pay more attention to the improvement of roads in the country.

A JOURNEY BY LAUNCH

Now a days many people of Bangladesh travel from one place to another by launch. It is a very pleasant journey.

After my annual examination it was decided that I would go to Dhaka with my father by launch from Chandpur.

We reached Chandpur terminal. We were waiting for the launch to Dhaka. The launch touched the terminal. We got into it and had our seats on the deck. The launch started a 2 p.m.

The journey took about four hours. The launch was over crowded. It was full of bustle and noise. Some of the passengers spread their beds earlier and were in deep sleep. Some were gossiping and some were playing cards. Hawkers were found carrying fruits, newspapers, cigarettes etc. Some passengers were found taking tea.

After a while I looked outside and found fishermen fishing. I also found that the boats were dancing along the waves and the birds were flying. The views of far of villages with green trees and plants were not clear but they looked beautiful.

             It was 5-30 p.m. Father showed me many big buildings on the left side of us. I come to my sense. I could realise that the pleasant journey would come to an end soon. The launch reached the destination. The passenger got down one by one. We also followed them.

It was a very pleasant journey. I had the experience of a journey by launch in big rivers. It is still fresh in my mind.

HOW I CELEBRATE A RELIGIOUS FESTIVAL

Eid-ul Fitr, is the greatest religious festival of the Muslims all over the world. It is celebrated with great joy throughout the young ones, who remain eager for Eid, as it draws near. The very thought of it fills a Muslim’s heart with exceeding joy.

The month of Ramdan is the month of fasting and prayer. It is the month of self denial and devotion. A Muslim passes through all the trials and rules of the month. He is thus purified in heart and disciplined in character.

Eid-ul-Fitr takes place on the first day of Shawwal. On this day the Muslims make charity and give a fixed amount of money to the poor. This is called fitr. So the name of this festival is Eid-ul Fitr.

Every Muslim, poor or rich, young, or old gets up early in the morning on the Eid day. We take bath and breakfast and put on the best clothes. Then we go the nearest masque or Maidan to offer prayer along with hundreds of others and say. ‘Eid Mubarak’ which means ‘I wish you a happy Eid’. On this day rich food is prepared in every house. People go to each other’s house to pay a visit. And anyone who comes to visit his friends or relations, is at least entertained with a plate of ‘Semai.’ In the afternoon a fair is held in every village and town. Children go there to buy toys and sweets and enjoy a ride on a moving wooden horse or box, which is known as ‘Charak gach.’ But on thisday the rich do not forget the poor. The rich gives fitar, from which comes the name ‘Eid-ul Fitr.’

‘Eid-ul-fitr’ has a great lesson for Muslims. It teaches them to have love for all men and makes them feel great bond of union among the Muslims.

COUNTRY LOCAL GAME / HADUDU.

             There are many types of games in Bangladesh. Ha-du-du is one of them and is favourite to all. It is played widely in the rural areas.

             Ha-du-du requires a small plain ground. The ground is divided into two equal parts. A line is drawn across the middle of the fields.

             The young, strong and stout boys of the country play Ha-du-du. There are two teams. Each team has equal number of players. Usually each team consists of seven or nine players.

             The players of both the teams take their respective part and stand face to face. A referee guides over the game. One player of a team runs to the other part stopping his breath, with a sound ha-du-du. He tries the best to touch the players of his opponents. If he can touch a player or players and reach his won part with his breath, the touched player or players are called dead. But if he is caught or touched when he is out of breath, he himself is dead. The dead players can not play. They wait outside the ground. The dead players can get life and join the game again if their opponent players are killed by their own ones. Thus the parties send forth players one by one to the area of the opponent party. The game comes to an end when all the players of a party are dead and the other party becomes the winner.

             During the British reign over our country, many of our country games have been replaced by the western games like football, cricket etc. But equal importance should be given to the plain and innocent village games and sports. They are suited to the physical condition of our people. They give sufficient exercise to the limbs of the body.

Last of all our village games are not so dangerous or expensive as many of the foreign games are. Ha-du-du is a good game. It makes us healthy and active. It refreshes our mind. It teaches us discipline and co-operation.

THE ANNUAL SPORTS OF MY SCHOOL

The annual sports day of a school is really a day of joy and happiness to its students. The last sports day of our school came off on the 15^th February 2003. On that day prizes were distributed among the boys and girls who were first, second and third in the sports. I got two prizes one for long Jump and another for high jump. My joy knew no bounds.

Every year we enjoy the annual sports of our school in the month of February mainly. It is the greatest event of the year starts from the two weeks before the sports day, the sports teacher beings the preparation of events along with the help of other teachers. The students also participate in the process by submitting names and forming a volunteer’s team.

Through hit and trial of several days the team of athletics and sportsmen who will take part on the sports complete their preparation.

We decorated the main gate beautifully. The field was enclosed with bamboo sticks. They were covered with coloured paper, A shamiana was hoisted, and the seating arrangements were made under it. Making the arrangement nicely the field was prepared well for the event.

The chief guest arrived just at 9 a.m. He hoisted the national flag. The next attraction was the march past of the competitors of the students of class ten. Then the chief guest declared the sports opening.

The competitors were divided into three groups senior, junior, and intermediate. I was also a competitor. I belonged to the senior group. There were about twenty events. I participated in three of them long Jump, the high jump and the hop step and jump. All the items were performed according to the printed programme. The most exciting items were the cockfight, the sack race and the musical chair. At the end of every item the names of winners were announced and they stood up on the victory stand. I got first position in the long jump and second position in the high jump. Unluckily I failed to achieve any position in the hop step and jump. But it could not snatch away my joy.

When the items were over, the chief guest distributed prizes among the winners. The function came to an end at 3-30 pm. It was really happy occasion.

IF I WERE THE PRIME MINISTER OF BANGLADESH.

I would materialise my dream if I were the Prime Minister of the country. I wish to alleviate poverty and make the country self-reliant. I also wish to eliminate terrorism from the society.

I am clearly aware of the post of a Prime minister. The post is of very importance. Some one who holds the post enjoys dignity. The Prime Minister represents the country. So a Prime Minister has both duties and responsibilities to the country. His/her success depends on his/her activities.

Education is the backbone of a nation. No nation can be prosperous without education. So every body should be provided with the opportunity of education. If I were the Prime Minister would make education compulsory for all. I would have adduced the budget committee to allocate souse money for education sector for the development of education.

Bangladesh is one of member of LDCS. The country is very poor. Most of the people live below the poverty line. The per capita income of her people is very low. Poverty is a curse for the people of Bangladesh. For the alleviation of poverty, I would take two steps – one industrialisation and the other agricultural development. I would form incentive packages for the industrialists to spread industry. I would advise the authority concerned for the application of scientific methodology in agriculture sector. Thus I would help to boast the economy of the country.

Unemployment is another great problem of our country. About ten million people are the victims of the problem. I would bring the unemployed generation under micro credit system. The youth would be provided loan to invest in productive sector. If the youth got loan, They could set up poultry farms. They could also invest the money in fish cultivation. Thus a large number of unemployed people could involve themselves in the above mentioned sectors.

It is my heartiest dream to see my people living in peace. By ensuring strict administration rights for the women, meeting the basic requirements of life and eradicating superstitious thoughts and developing technical education facilities I want to bring a change in my country. I can not be happy if the general people are not happy. So I would do every thing to make the countrymen happy if I were the Prime Minister of Bangladesh.

 

VISIT TO THE ZOO

One day of last January I went to pay a visit to the zoo at Mirpur. There is a big signboard at the entrance bearing the name of the Zoo.

             I reached the place and looked about. I saw many men crowding at the entrance. The area is covered by the zoo is extensive. The housing and the other arrangements for the animals were good. But they seemed inadequate still.

             At first I went to the shed in which the monkeys were. Before I could get near them. I could hear their chattering. They were jumping from one bar to another. I liked their performances and gave them a whole banch of plantains.

             My attention was next drawn to the cage in which there were two big snakes. They seemed to be asleep. But I am sure that if any one of them could get at me it would have amassed my bones by coiling it self round.

             The sight of snakes makes my blood creep. So I was glad to go away from them. Then I tuned my eyes from them at a porcupine. It had long quills sticking out. I then saw some deer whose beautiful eyes attracted me. But I had seen deer before. So I tuned way from them to the place where the tigers were held in a cage. They greeted me and many others with loud growls. I wondered what must be their strength, when they are wild. After tigers came the lions. They impressed me with their majesty.

             I felt rather happy when I visited the birds. They were of various colours and shapes. They were large in number. I saw two crocodiles kept in a small pond. They were, however, very weak and seemed to be half dead. I felt pity for them. I also saw a gorilla. I could guess its great physical strength even from a distance. I also visited some other beasts, land and water animals.

             I could gather some experience about the animal world from this visit. I had little knowledge about the nature and behaviour of the birds and beasts before. But this visit gave me first hand knowledge about some birds and beasts that I visited.

             The Zoo needs further improvement. It lacks in many animals that a good zoo must keep. Proper measures should also be taken for further improvement of its management. The sight of the birds and animals, however, gave me a great joy. Though I felt tired after a visit of long four or five hours, at last I left the place with a joyful experience.

 

AN ACCIDENT THAT I WITNESSED

Now a days the people who are living in city area, are very much busy. Our cities and towns are over populated, and they all are busy. All types of vehicles are moving very fast on the roads and streets all day long. So fatal accidents take place now and then. Almost everyday we see some accident or other in the newspapers. The most common accident is the street accident. Generally an accident occurs for carelessness.

             Different kinds of accident cause much distress. The accident I witnessed is a street accident. It was a serious and heart rendering accident. I was greatly shocked to see it. It was 4.00 PM on the 31^st January 2003. I was going through station Road by bus. In my way to station Road, I witnessed the accident at Kodomtaly, Puraton (old) Railway station. Our bus had to stop as the victim bus blocked the road.

             Our bus was running. Another bus was running before us. Suddenly our bus braked strongly and we heard a blast. There were a lot of cries before us. We saw the bus, which was running before us, overturned. There was also a loaded truck on the rood. The truck was coming from the opposite direction and hit the bus.

             The driver and six passengers of the victim bus died on the spot. Some passengers were injured and were taken to the CMC Hospital. The truck driver fled away leaving the truck.

             The accident was the saddest experience in my life. Sometimes I am horrified with this memory.

The accident shocked me so much that I could not attend to my normal duties for a few days. It was really the most memorable day of my life. I cannot forget it. We can dispel away many accident abiding by the rules and orders. We should also be careful in our activities to escape from accident.

 

MY FEELING IN THE EXAMINATION HALL.

An Examination is a formal test of knowledge or ability. Examination and student life is inextricably related. So an examination hall is a part and parcel of it.

             In our country it can create a tremendous difference between a good student and a bad student. I would like to express my feelings and experience in this regard when I was a student of class eight and took part in the junior scholarship examination.

             The examination started in due time. All the students were busy writing answers of the questions. After sometime, I saw some students copying and the teacher did not stop them. I stood to protest it.

             Then a teacher came to me and said that they had nothing to say because those students belonged to some influential persons. They would not expel those students for the sake of unfairmeans. I was thundered and astonished.

             The most surprising matter came later. Some people beside the windows helped some students by supplying copy. An embarrassing situation was created, especially for the innocent students. A sorrowful matter happened at last. When an innocent student was expelled by the magistrate as a copy was found under the bench of his. The boy said that he did not do that and someone might keep it there. But the magistrate did not pay heed to his argument. At that time I could not write anything. It took about fifteen minutes to concentrate in my examination again. By the grace of Allah, I had been able to complete my examination without any unfavourable situation.

From above discussion, I would like to say that we have to take stern action against any unfairmeans in the examination hall. Otherwise the fate of the nation would remain unchanged.

MY AIM IN LIFE OR THE PROFESSION I LIKE BEST.

Aim means choice of career. An aim in life helps a man to reach a particular destination of life. A life without an aim is like a ship without a rudder. So, everyone must have a particular choice of profession in life. A life without choosing of profession is meaningless.

Many men, many minds: Similarly different persons have different choices. So aim in life varies from person to person. Someone wishes to be a doctor, someone player, someone to be engineer, someone wishes to be pilot and someone to be a higher officer etc.

I am not interested to run after money and wealth. I have no lust for extra higher education. Since my boyhood, I cherished a desire that I would be a teacher in my life. My father himself is a teacher. He has often said that a teacher can give real service to his country through teaching.

Education is the hope and aspiration of a nation. The rate of education in our country is very negligible. Education spreads the knowledge of the people. An educated person can judge the right and the wrong. I think that if I can not give the light and delight to the poor people, my education will be meaningless. So, I have chosen the profession of a teacher.

But I do not want to be a college or university teacher. Because I am an ordinary student, and my father is too poor to pay for my higher education in the university. After graduation I shall complete the B.Ed. course to qualify myself as a teacher.

Then I shall come back to join my village High School. I do not like to leave this school. I want to live in the midst of my students and relations till the last day of my life.

Teaching is a noble profession. It can give light to the nation. If I can succeed to give the three RS to the poor people of our country, my life will be meaningful. I think if a number of people come forward as like as me all the problems of our country will be solved. Our country will prosper day by day.

WHAT WOULD I DO, IF I WON A LOTTERY OF TAKA ONE LAKH.

Many a happy hours I spent planning what I will do if I win lottery of taka one lakh. At last the very truth dawned on me that everybody is for himself to which I am not also an exception. With this idea in my mind, I have already started buying lottery tickets regularly. I have always been optimistic and am counting for the day when dame fortune will actually smile on me. I have decided to spend the money for my own self for my family and for humanitarian work.

Well, here is my budget for a prize desire of Tk. 1,00,000/ Let me be frank, I am not selfish, but I would like to spend a good amount for my personal pleasure only. I have my uncle in London and it is my secret desire to meet him. I would also like to visit European cities like Paris, Hamburg, Bonn, and other places I have read much about. I have a pen friend in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. I also desire to give him a surprise call while over there. I have no idea how much it would cost me, still I hope will be arrived Tk. 40,000/ all-inclusive.

I will hand over Tk .20,000/ to my father to add two more much needed rooms to our existing house. We are an average middle – class family and my feather works hard to keep us going. So I must help him as much as I can. Neela is my only sister and she is very dear to me. She is already twenty and I hope in a year or two she will get married. I have decided to buy cash certificates to the tune of Tk. 10,000/= in her name, I can well imagine how happy she would be when she gets the gift from me to start a new life! Helping my mother a little wish of mine. I have planned another Tk. 10,000/= to help her course over her difficulties.

I know that man lives in deeds not in years, I do not like that my memory should sink in to oblivion after my passing away from the surface of the earth. I want to occupy a place in the innermost recess of human heart by my humanitarian work, which we see done by the men great of heart. I want to be remembered by my beneficial work to the end. So I will spend a greater portion of the budget by doing various humanitarian work for the people of my area.

Now I shall be left with a big amount, which I propose to put in a bank to cover all my educational and personal expenses. With all these exciting ideas already chalked out, at least mentally, I am anxiously waiting for the memorable day when I am really going to win a lottery.

MY AIM IN LIFE OR CHOICE OF CAREER

Aim means choice of career. An aim in life helps a man to reach a particular destination of life. A life without an aim is like a ship without a rudder. So, everyone must have a particular choice of profession in life. A life without choosing of profession is meaningless.

Many men, many minds: Similarly different persons have different choices. So aim in life varies from person to person. Someone wishes to be a doctor, someone player, someone to be engineer, someone wishes to be pilot and someone to be a higher officer etc.

I am not interested to run after money and wealth. I have no lust for extra higher education. Since my boyhood, I cherished a desire that I would be a teacher in my life. My father himself is a teacher. He has often said that a teacher can give real service to his country through teaching.

Education is the hope and aspiration of a nation. The rate of education in our country is very negligible. Education spreads the knowledge of the people. An educated person can judge the right and the wrong. I think that if I can not give the light and delight to the poor people, my education will be meaningless. So, I have chosen the profession of a teacher.

But I do not want to be a college or university teacher. Because I am an ordinary student, and my father is too poor to pay for my higher education in the university. After graduation I shall complete the B.Ed. course to qualify myself as a teacher.

Then I shall come back to join my village High School. I do not like to leave this school. I want to live in the midst of my students and relations till the last day of my life.

Teaching is a noble profession. It can give light to the nation. If I can succeed to give the three RS to the poor people of our country, my life will be meaningful. I think if a number of people come forward as like as me all the problems of our country will be solved. Our country will prosper day by day.

WHAT I WOULD DO IF I WERE THE PRIME MINISTER OF THE COUNTRY.

I would materialise my dream if I were the Prime Minister of the country. I wish to alleviate poverty and make the country self-reliant. I also wish to eliminate terrorism from the society.

I am clearly aware of the post of a Prime minister. The post is of very importance. Some one who holds the post enjoys dignity. The Prime Minister represents the country. So a Prime Minister has both duties and responsibilities to the country. His/her success depends on his/her activities.

Education is the backbone of a nation. No nation can be prosperous without education. So every body should be provided with the opportunity of education. If I were the Prime Minister would make education compulsory for all. I would have adduced the budget committee to allocate souse money for education sector for the development of education.

Bangladesh is one of member of LDCS. The country is very poor. Most of the people live below the poverty line. The per capita income of her people is very low. Poverty is a curse for the people of Bangladesh. For the alleviation of poverty, I would take two steps – one industrialisation and the other agricultural development. I would form incentive packages for the industrialists to spread industry. I would advise the authority concerned for the application of scientific methodology in agriculture sector. Thus I would help to boast the economy of the country.

Unemployment is another great problem of our country. About ten million people are the victims of the problem. I would bring the unemployed generation under micro credit system. The youth would be provided loan to invest in productive sector. If the youth got loan, They could set up poultry farms. They could also invest the money in fish cultivation. Thus a large number of unemployed people could involve themselves in the above mentioned sectors.

It is my heartiest dream to see my people living in peace. By ensuring strict administration rights for the women, meeting the basic requirements of life and eradicating superstitious thoughts and developing technical education facilities I want to bring a change in my country. I can not be happy if the general people are not happy. So I would do every thing to make the countrymen happy if I were the Prime Minister of Bangladesh.

MY FIRST DAY AT SCHOOL

Everybody has many memorable events is his life. But all the events do not touch our heart equally. We forget some events while others remain ever lasting in our mind.  My first day at school is a red letter day in my life. The remembrance of its memories gives me much pleasure and mirth.

The first day at school was the 20^th January, 1997. My mother awoke me in the morning. At first I took my breakfast and took my bath. And then I wore a school dress which was new. My mother took me with her and we started for R.M. School. When I reached the school, I feared because I did not know anybody. My mother left me alone giving some advice.

I was thrilled at the beautiful sight of the school campus. It was crowded by many boys. But they were all unknown to me. I felt lonely and helpless myself. At last my loneliness was removed when I found my neighbour. We went to the notice board and took down the class routine.

When the bell rang for the first period, we entered the classroom. There I found the students already sitting on the benches. I took my seat with my classmates in middle bench. After a while, a gentleman entered the class.. When he entered the room, we all stood up to show him respect. At first, he called our name and then he introduced himself as teacher of bangla. He gave his lecture so interestingly that, I listened to him with rapt attention. I was charmed with his soft  voice.

All classes were held one by one except lunch hour. I enjoyed all the classes very much. During interval, I went to the school common room. I became surprised to see the well furnished room. There were various kinds of magazines and journals. There were arrangement of different kinds of indoor games such as carom, table tennis, chess etc. The students used this common room during their interval period.

The school library wondered me most. It was enriched with a vast collection of books on different subjects. The room was wide and large one. There was also a science laboratory which students used for their practical work. After the end of all classes I left the school campus with a great joy and new experiences.

My first day at school was very memorable. I feel quite nostalgic for that day. I shall never forget that day.

 

MY FIRST DAY AT COLLEGE

I clearly remember my first day at college. I thought of reading at a college from my very school life. When I was admitted to a college, it opened up before me a new vision of life. I found greater freedom here than I had at school.

I walked round the far-flung blocks of building, which constituted my college. My joy was beyond measure. Curiosity led me to move from one room to another. Almost all the rooms were big and broad. The college Assembly Hall was a special attraction. It was spacious and beautifully decorated. Meetings, debates, and college social functions were held here. A visit to the science Laboratories was a thrilling experience. I saw guinea- pigs and rabbits in the biology laboratory for the first time in my life. Sportive movements of these small looking animals amused me much. I learnt that they were used in the practical classes.

The classes presented a new environment to me. The lectures of the professors, their learning, their rhetoric, as well as their mannerisms left a deep impression upon my youthful mind.

A look at the students’ common room fully satisfied me. It was well furnished. Caram and table tennis sets, newspapers, magazines, and periodical all were there. I did not however, take part in any games out of shyness. The chatty and carefree atmosphere of the common room was really enjoyable.

My first day at college was a day of discovery – I might say discovery of my own self as well. I felt myself important. A new sense of self-responsibility dawned upon me. I came back home that afternoon rich with insight and experience.

THE MEMORABLE EVENTS OF MY LIFE.

More than fifteen years have passed since I was born in a village in the district of Chittagong. Now I am nearing my manhood. During this span of life many events have taken place, but all of them are not equally memorable. It is only a few events that I shall ever remember. I cannot forget them for many reasons. It gives me pleasure to describe one of them here.

The occasion was my Aqiqa and beginning of education ceremony. The incident took place in the fifth year of my life. As far as I can remember, I was not given any real name before that occasion. I was called by so many endearing terms that it seemed unnecessary to attach any more names to me. I was variously called by such pet terms as Khokan, Monui, Babul, etc. The term Monu survives still today side by side with my real name given to me on the occasion of my aqiqa ceremony.

On the occasion two goats were sacrificed and a substantial portion of the meat was distributed among the poor. A good umber of guests were invited and a grand feast was given to them. The guests brought for me a number of presents. Some of them were very costly articles but the greater part of them were toys. I was very pleased with them and showed them to other children. My mother was busy giving alms to the poor and asked them to pray for my well being. There was a great excitement in our house on that day and it pleased my childish fancy to consider myself as the hero of the occasion. Every body was eager to make friends with me, but I had no time to give them attention.

The ceremony left an abiding impression on my tender mind. Even after long ten years the sweet recollections of that memorable event come to my mind with all vividness and pleasure.

NATURAL CALAMITIES IN BANGLADESH.

Cyclone is a violent storm. It moves around the centre at a very high speed. This speed may range from sixty to one hundred fifty kilometres per hour. It also varies in diameter from 70 to 700 kilometre and more. The cyclone is one of the most dangerous natural calamities in Bangladesh.

A cyclone may occur at any time and at any place. It mostly occurs within tropics. Usually it has its origin on the sea owing to low pressure of atmosphere and turns into cyclone. Then it begins to blow towards the land. It is often accompanied by thunders and heavy showers. Before cyclone begins to blow, unbearable heat is felt for a few days. Then suddenly one day the sky is overcast with black clouds.

A cyclone lasts for a few minutes only sometimes for hours. It is very tremendous. It causes great havoc to the areas of its visitation. It uproots trees, blows away houses, smashes buildings, and kills men and cattle. It sinks boats, ships,and launches. It also causes tidal bore in the sea as a result coastal land go under water.

A terrible cyclone accompanied by tidal bore spent over some coastal districts of Bangladesh on the 29^th April 2001. It swept away at a speed of 235 kilometres per hour. It lasted for the whole night and caused much rain. Thousands of houses were levelled to the ground. Trees were fallen and uprooted, lands of Hatiyas, Sanduip, Vritcher, Chittagong, Cox’sbazar, Kutubdia, Mohesh Khali, Bhola etc. went under water. Crops were damaged ships, boats, and launches sank.

Government with the assistance of the people of Bangladesh took prompt measures for the relief, rescue, and rehabilitation of the affected persons. Foreign nations and international philanthropic organisations also came up with necessary help.

 

MASS EDUCATION PROGRAMME

By ‘Mass Education” we mean education of the illiterate mass of our country. This programme aims at imparting knowledge of the three R.S. to the illiterate people.

Illiteracy is a curse. It frustrates all development work of the country. Illiteracy is one of the most serious problems of our dear country Bangladesh. About 50% people are illiterate in our country. So, our government has launched a campaign to remove mass illiteracy. It aims at eradicating illiteracy from the country within the next few years.

A nation with illiterate masses can not utilise benefits of modern science and technology. The illiterate people do not know how to cultivate land by scientific method. The rules of health and sanitation are unknown to them.

They are ignorant about the gravity of population explosion. It is mass education programme that makes them understand the gravity of the situation.

The late President Ziaur Rahman launched a campaign to educate the illiterate people / masses within the shortest possible time. In order to make mass education programme successful, a large number of primary schools should be set up all over the country. It is a matter of hope that, our government has already made primary education compulsory. The children between six to ten have to go to school and complete primary education. The government is distributing books free of  cost to the students. 64 thanas have been brought under the programme of compulsory primary education at first phase in 1992.

To make it successful night schools should be set up at every village and locality. Radio and T.V also have taken initiatives by broadcasting various programmes, they also can take part in this programme.

If we can give knowledge of letters to our masses many of out national and social problems can be solved.

THE SAARC

By the term ‘SAARC’ we mean “South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation”. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka who are the member countries to form an association of regional co-operation.

The main aim of the ‘SAARC’ is to build up regional co-operation among the member countries in different fields. The fields include agriculture, rural development, health, population control, transport, telegraph, postal communication, weather, science, and technology, and games, arts, and cultures. The member countries shall not interfere in others sovereignty, regional integrity, and internal affairs. They will settle all their disputes amicably among themselves. They will help one another at crises.

The concept of the ‘SAARC’ first came in the mind of late President Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh. He discussed the matter during his visit to the neighbouring countries. In 1981 the foreign secretaries of these seven member countries met together in Colombo. This meeting emphasised the need for such a regional co-operation. In 1983 the foreign ministers of the member countries met in New Delhi. They agreed to form an association and finally accepted to hold a summit meeting to form the SAARC.

The heads of the states of the seven countries attended a conference on December 7, 1985 in Dhaka. The president of Bangladesh opened it.

It is expected that the SAARC will bring peace and harmony among the people of the South Asian countries.

  

AGRICULTURE IN BANGLADESH

Our Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country. About eighty percent of her people depend on agriculture. It provides food to her people and raw materials to her industries Bangladesh has a very rich soil and a suitable climate for agricultural production.

             The soil of Bangladesh is very fertile. But the agricultural condition in Bangladesh is very deplorable. The production per acre is very low. Now the farmers live from hand to mouth.

             The agriculture of Bangladesh is still old and backdated. Our farmers have no idea of the scientific method of cultivation, and farming. They do not know how to use manure and fertiliser. The farmers cultivate their land with a wooden plough and a pair of bullocks. As a result the production of our crops is very low. The farmers in our country are also illiterate.

             On the other hand the farmers in our country still depend mainly on nature for agriculture. For the irrigation of their land they have to depend on rains. So the farmers suffer almost every year for lack of water.

             Our lands are fragmented and holdings are very small. Natural calamities like flooding, tidal waves, and cyclone cause a great harm to our crops.

             The education of our peasants is very much necessary for the betterment and improvement of our agriculture. Besides the unused land should be brought under cultivation. Measures should be taken to check soil erosion. Distribution of better seeds among the farmer at low prices must be ensured. Above all proper steps should be taken by government for embankments to save our crops from flood.

             The government of Bangladesh has taken various steps to improve the condition of agriculture. But yet the problems could not be solved by any single agency or organisation. It can be solved only by the concerned effects of the whole nation. The prosperity of the nation depends on the development of our agriculture.

 

TEACHING AS A PROFESSION

             The profession of teaching is one of the oldest professions of the world. And it is certainly one of the noblest one. Teachers like Socrates, Plato and Aristotle exercised a powerful influence in building up the mind and morals of young men. But in those for off days the profession was not organised. It was an affair of the individual.

             The art of teaching in modern times has changed. It has become highly specialised. Modern teaching is based on the psychology of the learner, and the teacher must be a good student of child psychology. Therefore teaching now a days is both a science to be acquired and an art to be practised.

             Therefore it is all-important to have educational institutions for training the right type of teachers. These should teach not only the theories and methods, but  also arrange practical instruction in the art of teaching. Now-a-days the greatest emphasis has been placed on having well trained teachers as a prime necessity in the re-organisation of the country in educational system.

             The greatness of nation has always been preceded by the greatness of its teachers. It is impossible to imagine ancient Greece without teachers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Aristotle said,  “those who educate children are more to be honoured than even their parents, for these only give them life but those, the art of bringing well”.

             It is recognised that the teacher must be assured not only of a competence but also of leisure to add to his knowledge continually. For he who is always learning is the best teacher. The old conception of the teacher being left to him, or to private patronage has been outdated. No nation can prosper without a good and ideal teacher. So teaching as a profession is a noble profession and I like it very much. My future plan of life will remain to be a teacher.

THE CHILD LABOUR IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is a very poor country. This country is rich neither in minerals, nor in industries. It mainly depends upon agriculture. With the increase of population, cultivable lands are being subsequently divided into fragments. So the cultivators are becoming poorer and poorer day by day. A large number people became landless. They find it difficult to maintain their families. So these families have to engage their children in physical labour from a very early age.

On the other hand, the children are the future of a nation. A child brought up properly may build up a better society. When a child is bound to work hard for its livelihood, the society loses all its expectation.

             In Bangladesh children from 8-12 years of age have to do manual labour. Many of them work as domestic servants. Sometimes they are engaged to work in the fields. Sometimes they are found to graze the cattle. They work in shops, hotels, and restaurants. They are seen to break brick and stones, some are found to work as a street hawker. They work in small factories. They polish boots, and sell vegetables etc.

             Though labour is sacred, child labour is a crime. The people who engage them take full advantage of their minor age and helplessness. Children engaged as house servants have to work from early morning to late hours at night. They have to work, so to say, fifteen to eighteen hours a day. They are always dealt with abuse very often they are punished mercilessly. Sometimes housewives rebuke them, beat them, and pull them by the ear.

             They have similar ill treatment in the hotels, shops, and factories. They are compelled to work for a longer period than a matured labourer. They work for a long period with fewer wages. Normal working period is 8 hours per day as per. I.L.O convention. Those who work in the office 8 hours a day do not hesitate to make the minor boy servant work 15 to 18 hours in their houses.

             But as a nation we can not remain simply silent observers. We should realise that the future of our country depends on the children of today.

             So the government should take proper measures to stop child labours in Bangladesh. Education should be made a compulsory for the children. Children coming from poor families should be given free books and kits.

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

             From time immemorial man has been all in all and ruled society. With the passage of time, women has started taking share in power. In the twentieth century many countries have found women as their supreme authority. In most of the cases many women have proved their worthiness.

It is seen that women have achieved success in politics. It is of course, true that man has created this opportunity. While man runs after for power, wealth, and position, women have shown her indifference towards those. Here lies the acute difference between man and woman. Earlier men were superstitious that if women were empowered, they could not run the nation. But their conceptual error fades away from their hearts soon after they have observed some women emerging, as iron handed is some country.

              In the developed world, woman, as a leader of the nation shows the highest skill. But in the developing countries, woman is empowered due to many reasons. Man becomes the playmate at the hands of bureaucracy. It is really tough to get rid of the clutches of bureaucracy. Woman has shown vigour, courage, and velour in many respects. That’s why their involvement in politics has become meaningful and fruitful to the commoners. They try to run the country as smoothly as they can. They even do not believe in whim. They believe in reality. Their sense of shame and shyness is acute. So, for these reasons people believe them and want to see them in power.

             Till recently quite a handful of women have established

 

MY CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

My childhood, like everybody is full of events worth remembering. It is the pillar-stone in which stands my whole being-imagination, memory, fancy, and the historical foundation of the self. Childhood- be it pleasurable or sorrowful- is always very attractive, as thought an addiction. And the one with a rich memory is more attractive. Whenever I am sick of the present, I seek relief in the past and fondly recall the memories of my childhood.

 I was born in a small village in the district of Khulna. My father was a village schoolteacher. Ours was a simple house where I lived happily in the midst of my parents, brothers, and sisters. My mother was very affectionate. My father was a saintly man. An educationist all his life, he loved creator and man.

My play-ground was the bank of the mighty river Padma. In all seasons the Padma had a great attraction for me. Whenever I was not at home, I could be found on its bank. There would be other children also with me. We used to row in the river, jump into and swim in it. I often saw the Padma’s fury too.

 The village Maktab was another interesting place. An old Maulvi Saheb used to teach us there. It was housed in a small hut attached to the village mosque. A large number of boys and girls used to attend it. We would learn our lessons with great noise, but our old teacher did never threaten us. Though we did not fear him, we surely did love him much for his sincerity and goodness.

 In my childhood I was very fond of playing in the field with my friends. My mother used to rebuke me for over playing. I enjoyed this symbolised ruling. I was the youngest son of my parents. All the members of our family loved me very dearly. My grandmother was very fond of me. She used to tell me many interesting stories.

My first day at school was a happy day for me. It opened a new page in my life. My teachers and classmates were all good to me. I am now far from their sweet company but I can never forget them in my life.

I used to collect stamps then. I collected all the stamps saving money from Tiffin. I have still a large collection of stamps.

 How happy I was at my childhood days! They happy memories of those days still fill my heart with great joy. Sometime, now, I cannot but wonder that why ever I had to lose that childhood. But alas, nature works her own way. I am now young man and still cherish the sweet memories of my happy childhood days spent in the charming environment of my village.

YOUR FAVOURITE GAME

There are many kinds of games in our country. Of all games I like football most. It was first played in England. Now it is played in all countries of the world.

Football is my favourite game because it has some advantages. It is not as costly as cricket. It gives us much delight. It is an exciting game.

Football is an outdoor game. It demands a large field. It is 120 yards long and 80 yards wide. There are two goal posts at each end. The game is played between two teams. Each team has 11 players.

Of them one is goalkeeper, two full backs, three half backs and five forwards on one side. There is a referee to conduct the game.

A ball is placed at the centre of the field. The referee whistles and the game begins. Then each team tries to pass the ball through the opposite goal post. But they can not touch the ball with hands. Only the goalkeeper can touch and catch it. There is an interval of 10 minutes. The sides are changed after the interval. Both sides try their best to defeat the other. The team, which scores more goals, wins the game.

It is a good form of exercise. It improves the health of a player and makes him prompt careful, strong, and healthy. It has also a great risk. Sometimes our legs or other parts of the body may be broken at this game.

THE SEASON YOU LIKE BEST

Bangladesh is a land of six seasons. The spring is the king of six seasons. It is the best, the loveliest and the most charming of all seasons. This season is rich in colour, beauty, music and smell. Hence I like this season best, indeed, it is favourite to all.

The summer is very hot. The rainy season is dull. The autumn is wet. The late autumn is not pleasant. The winter is cold, gloomy and unpleasant. The spring is the harbinger of joy, hope and happiness. It is neither very cold nor very hot. It gives the earth new life. The mild breeze begins to blow. It refreshes the mind and body. Everything in nature looks green and fresh. So, I like it. Coming after winter, the spring captivates the hearts of the people all at once and when the summer follows people be wail its passing away. With the advent of spring, Nature puts on a gay and lively appearance. Every object of nature becomes fresh. Trees put forth new leaves. Flowers bloom forth in thousands. They are of different colours. Some of them are sweet smelling. Some have no swell, but all are beautiful. The fine display of colurs they present, is specially fascinating. Flowers attract bees and butterflies. Bees hum and fly from flower to flower in search of honey.

As soon as spring sets in a gentle breeze from the south begins to blow. It comes with pleasant sights and sounds. Fields and meadows become green. Flowers bloom in different trees. The sweet smell of these flowers make the air balmy and fragrant. We hear the cucko singing sweetly. Everything in nature assumes a smiling face. There are village fairs on various occasions. We feel as if we were in a fairy land.

During this season the farmers of our country sow seeds of jute and paddy. Fish and vegetables are available in plenty in spring. The spring is also a season of fruits. Mango, lack-berry, jack-fruit and lichies have buds on them. It seems that some one has spread a green sheet of cloth all over the field and nature. There is joy everywhere. So to say, it becomes rich in vegetation, rich in sights and rich in colour.

Nature regains a new life in this season. The whole country side looks fresh and beautiful. We can enjoy all the beautiful sights and sounds of nature to our hearts content. But this season is very elusive in the sense that it comes and goes almost imperceptively. Its deration is so short that it dispappears before. We have just begun to realize its charms. It does not oppress our mind with any lingering monotony. This shortness of its duration is, perhaps, one of the reasons why people like it best.

YOUR AIM IN LIFE OR THE PROFESSION YOU LIKE BEST.

Aim means choice of career. An aim in life helps a man to reach a particular destination of life. A life without an aim is like a ship without a rudder. So, everyone must have a particular choice of profession in life. A life without choosing of profession is meaningless.

Many men, many minds: Similarly different persons have different choices. So aim in life varies from person to person. Someone wishes to be a doctor, someone player, someone to be engineer, someone wishes to be pilot and someone to be a higher officer etc.

I am not interested to run after money and wealth. I have no lust for extra higher education. Since my boyhood, I cherished a desire that I would be a teacher in my life. My father himself is a teacher. He has often said that a teacher can give real service to his country through teaching.

Education is the hope and aspiration of a nation. The rate of education in our country is very negligible. Education spreads the knowledge of the people. An educated person can judge the right and the wrong. I think that if I can not give the light and delight to the poor people, my education will be meaningless. So, I have chosen the profession of a teacher.

But I do not want to be a college or university teacher. Because I am an ordinary student, and my father is too poor to pay for my higher education in the university. After graduation I shall complete the B.Ed. course to qualify myself as a teacher.

Then I shall come back to join my village High School. I do not like to leave this school. I want to live in the midst of my students and relations till the last day of my life.

Teaching is a noble profession. It can give light to the nation. If I can succeed to give the three RS to the poor people of our country, my life will be meaningful. I think if a number of people come forward as like as me all the problems of our country will be solved. Our country will prosper day by day.

 

 

HOW YOU CELEBRATE A RELIGIOUS FESTIVAL

OR THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EID-UL-FITR.

Eid-ul Fitr, is the greatest religious festival of the Muslims all over the world. It is celebrated with great joy throughout the young ones, who remain eager for Eid, as it draws near. The very thought of it fills a Muslim’s heart with exceeding joy.

The month of Ramdan is the month of fasting and prayer. It is the month of self denial and devotion. A Muslim passes through all the trials and rules of the month. He is thus purified in heart and disciplined in character.

Eid-ul-Fitr takes place on the first day of Shawwal. On this day the Muslims make charity and give a fixed amount of money to the poor. This is called fitr. So the name of this festival is Eid-ul Fitr.

Every Muslim, poor or rich, young, or old gets up early in the morning on the Eid day. We take bath and breakfast and put on the best clothes. Then we go the nearest masque or Maidan to offer prayer along with hundreds of others and say. ‘Eid Mubarak’ which means ‘I wish you a happy Eid’. On this day rich food is prepared in every house. People go to each other’s house to pay a visit. And anyone who comes to visit his friends or relations, is at least entertained with a plate of ‘Semai.’ In the afternoon a fair is held in every village and town. Children go there to buy toys and sweets and enjoy a ride on a moving wooden horse or box, which is known as ‘Charak gach.’ But on thisday the rich do not forget the poor. The rich gives fitar, from which comes the name ‘Eid-ul Fitr.’

‘Eid-ul-fitr’ has a great lesson for Muslims. It teaches them to have love for all men and makes them feel great bond of union among the Muslims.

THE SAARC AND BANGLADESH

By the term ‘SAARC’ we mean “South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation”. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka who are the member countries to form an association of regional co-operation.

The main aim of the ‘SAARC’ is to build up regional co-operation among the member countries in different fields. The fields include agriculture, rural development, health, population control, transport, telegraph, postal communication, weather, science, and technology, and games, arts, and cultures. The member countries shall not interfere in others sovereignty, regional integrity, and internal affairs. They will settle all their disputes amicably among themselves. They will help one another at crises.

The concept of the ‘SAARC’ first came in the mind of late President Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh. He discussed the matter during his visit to the neighbouring countries. In 1981 the foreign secretaries of these seven member countries met together in Colombo. This meeting emphasised the need for such a regional co-operation. In 1983 the foreign ministers of the member countries met in New Delhi. They agreed to form an association and finally accepted to hold a summit meeting to form the SAARC.

The heads of the states of the seven countries attended a conference on December 7, 1985 in Dhaka. The president of Bangladesh opened it.

It is expected that the SAARC will bring peace and harmony among the people of the South Asian countries.

YOUR NATIVE VILLAGE

Bangladesh is a land of villages. Most of the villages are surrounded by open fields rivers & canals. They make country beautiful. I am lucky enough that i was born in a village. The name of my village is Saguria. It is in the district of Noakhali. It stands on the rivers Meghna. It is two miles long & one mile broad. About seven thousand people live in our village. Most of the inhabitants are Muslims and the rest are Hidus. The people of different occupations live here. Most of them are (fosmess) farmers. Some are professional such as weavers, carpenters, fisherman, potters etc. and some are highly educated. They are service holders and some are merchants. The village is well connected with the district & the thana head quarters by a high way. There are two primary school, a high school, a chartiable dispensary and a post office are here. An agricultural extension office has recently been opened here. A village market stands on the river. It supplies us pure milk, vegetables, fish etc. The land of our village is fertile. It grows the best kind of rice, Jute, sugarcane, wheat & other crops. The farmers make a good harvest every years. Hence, our economic condition is very good. There is a big pond in the village. All kinds of large & small fishes are found here. The climate of our village is very healthy. So, the people keep sound health. It is always bears a charming scenery. Thus the village where I like in is an ideal village. I am really proud of my village.

MY HOBBY

Hobby   is the habit of doing something. Not for the sake of livelihood but for the sack of life, mind and pleasure. Having seen from this point/ view every man & woman has his or her hobby. I have a hobby also and it is gardening.

Gardening requires one to have a piece of land near one’s residence, some agricultural tools like hoe, spade, axe, weeds etc. and above all willingness.

I have a piece of land near my reading room. I have fenced it & preserved it from the nearby land for my private purpose. That is, I have made it into a garden. i have grown seven items of flowers in it. Besides, I have kept some potion of the garden reserved for growing vegetables of various sorts at various seasons.

Returning from school, I water my garden everyday. I weed out the garden once a week. Sometimes, I trim up leaves and plants when necessary. I also put fertilizer in it according to necessity.  

Man earns his bread for his body’s existence. But only bread cann’t ensure a man’s happiness & pleasure. Man has other wants also. He has to satisfy his minds hunger. So he does some such things which can give him pleasure.

I do my gardening for this mental satisfaction. When flowers grow & bloom and begin spreading smell and expressing beauty, my heart gets filled with a sense of achievement. Besides, spending sometime in such work everyday keeps my mind fresh & body fit.

Many great man of the world had their hobbies. They took to hobbies to relieve their mind form the monotony of their main business. Mohammed (sm) Washington, Imran Khan, Abrahma Linkon, Tolstoy, Shakespeare, Bernard Shaw had their antic hobbies.

Gardening grave me no financial benefit. But there is nothing as pleasing to me as it is. It is necessary to make my life enjoyable. My hobby is a source of health, wealth & pleasure. Now I cann’t abandon it. It has become a habit with me.

A VISIT TO A PLACE OF HISTORICAL INTEREST

History is the mirror through which we can look back at the past. Thus, a visit to a place of historical interest gives us ample knowledge of history and tradition. Two years back I had a rare opportunity to go to Agra to visit the Great Taj Mahal. That was a worth remembering day of my life. Almost everybody is acquainted to the history that concerns the building of the Great Taj Mahal. Emperor Shahjahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal about three hundred and fifty years back. He had a design to keep the memory of his sweet, heart Mumtaj alive. So, as a tomb of his wife it was built in Agra. It is one of the most marvellous structures in the world. It is made of fimne white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It hos eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rises from the corners of the terrace. I have also seen a large do me above the center of the building. This do me looks very impressive. Around this large dome, there are four smaller domes. Just inside the outer wall, I have seen an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room. This is the centre of the attraction to the visitors and the history lies here because the bodies of Shahjahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden. There is a long pool in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see the wonderful building at different times of the day because it assumes a different look at different times. This is another specially of this great historical architecture. I think, my visit to this historical place broadened the arena of my knowledge to a great extent.

PHYSICAL EXERCISE

Physical exercise means the regular movement of the limbs of our body according to rules. It is essential to keep our body fit and mind sound. Physical exercise is of various kinds. Good forms of exercise are walking, swimming, riding, racing, rowing, and gymnastics, wrestling and playing many outdoor and indoor games.

All forms of exercise are not suitable for all men. If a weak man takes part in a football game or hockey, he will get tired. It does no good to him rather it does more harm to him. Those who are strong and stout can take all forms of exercise walking is the best kinds of exercise for all in all conditions. It is of a special use to the weak and the old. Walking in the morning and evening refreshes our body and mind. It also enables an man to enjoy the scenic beauty of nature. Swimming is also a good exercise. It strengthens all the limbs of our body. Gymnastic exercises are not suited to the people of all ages. Gymnastic exercise are best suited to the young, students and the members of well organized clubs, riding, racing, rowing, wrestling, indoor and outdoor games offer simple opportunity for the exercise of our body. Among all forms of exercise swimming and walking are the best, because they cost nothing.

A famous proverb goes that a sound mind lives in sound body. Mere acquisition of knowledge without sound health is of no use to society. There is a close connection between the body and the mind. If the body is unsound, the mind must be unsound. We can not think of a sound mind without a sound health. Moreover, in order to win success in life, we should have sound health, which depends on regular exercise. It is physical exercise which enables us to build a good and strong health.

There are many people who do not take physical exercise. They can hardly realize that they themselves are ruining their health. They fall victim to many diseases. Life becomes dull to them. They are always peevish and ill-tempered.

It is needless to say the necessity of physical exercise. We build good health and sound mind through body active and the muscles strong. It also improves our pore of digestion and blood circulation. It gives strength to our brain. Many good habits are formed through out door games. It teachers us unity, patience, obedience, discipline and punctuality.

PROPER USE OF TIME

Time, an abstract term, very commonly used by human beings might have no use if they had immortality. By natural process human beings know that their duration on earth is limited. So, in order to make their stay meaningful, they had to measure their duration. By observing the nature they termed time as year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second etc. The terms time due much portliness because of it’s numerous uses in human lives. The cause of its worthiness mainly lies in it’s continuous run. Since the dawn of civilization time is moving. Without taking any rest, it goes on and on. As we can not make time stand still we have to use every moment of our life properly.

We know that our lift is noting but the collection of moments which are following. In this vast universe, we have many things to do to make our life meaningful. But we have a short period of time. to do the works. In order to complete most of our works. we have to utilize the time accurately. Success in life mainly depends on the best use of our time. If we make a proper division of time and do our duties accordingly, we are sure to reach our cherished time goal. To make us aware of the precious running time which we have to use properly Ralph Hodgson says.

‘Time marches on ceaselessly

It stands for none

It knows only advancement”.

As it is said before that man has some purpose to fulfill on earth, he has to do his works properly in time. Thus if we can avail themselves of the opportunity of each moment by hard labour and effort, we can enrich our life with achievements, pleasure and knowledge. Then that will be a real life. We should not postpone today’s work until the next day. And we should make will-though out plans to spend time. There should be time for studying, for office or other work, time for physical exercise, time for prayer. From history we know that the great persons made the proper use of their time. Even we observe that bees, ants, insect work timely without killing a single moment.

There is a proverb, ‘Time and tide wait for none’. So one who idles away time can never get it back. We can regain our lost health, wealth and fame. But time once gone, is gone for ever. It is known the idle brain is devils workshop. If we waste out time in sheer idleness, all shorts of evil thoughts will crowd our brain. Only the idle sit idly and make no attempt to do a work in proper time. They meet failure in life and suffer in the long run. They cannot even earn their livelihood. They either pass their days in wants or depend upon others for their maintenance. They are the burdens of a country. Everybody hates them. We should bear in mind that the work unfinished in due time is rarely finished.

As we are the best creation of Almighty, we have to use our time in best possible way. The most prosperous nations are those that make the proper use of their time. We should utilize the invaluable time to make our existence happy, prosperous and satisfactory.

VALUE OF TIME

The secret of success in life lies in the proper use of time. Many of us are apt to forget that every moment is precious. Life is short but art is long. Time is uncertain. We do not know when we shall be called away from this world by death. During this limited and uncertain period we have to build up our body and mind, and apply them to useful activities.

Value of time means doing proper work in a proper moment. A proverb goes that time and tide wait for none. Since the dawn of civilization time is moving. It goes on and on. It does not take and rest. It is never constant time once gone is gone for ever. Lost health may be regained by medicine & proper caring & nursing. Lost wealth may be regained by dint of hard labour. But lost time cannot be recovered by any means, because nobody can stop the easels onward march of time. Life is nothing but the sum total some moments, hours, days and years. The span of human life is very short. But man has got many things to do during this short period of time. Every moment is very precious. So, we cannot misure our time. It we misure our time then it would be a great lase for us. So, killing time is to shorten our life. If we do not do our duty in time then. So many work of our life will remain unfinished of the end our life. For this, we cannot neglect our time. If we do not make the right use of out time. We are sure to repent when it is too late and we will have nothing to do. So, it is vogue in our society, ‘chance comes but once’.

There are some people who say that they have no time for reading books or for otherwise improving their body or mind. They only deceive themselves. If they are punctual and industrious, they will find time for everything. The busiest man has, infact, the greatest amount of Leisure, because he does his work regularly and what he can do today, he does not put off till tomorrow.

An idle brain is devils workshop. If we waste our time is sheer idleness, all kinds of evil thoughts will crowd our brain. Idle persons who will their time are burdens on society. They cannot support themselves. They lead an unhappy life and suffer in the long run.

There should be time for reading, for office, for physical exercise or for other work. There also should be time for recreation and time for prayer. This indicates that we should do everythings at the right moment. We can lead a healthy and prosperous life only when we follow the routine which we make for our guidance. By turning the pages of history we came to learn that those worl have made the proper use of their time. Even we see that bees, ants, insects work timely. They do not kill a single moment. We are the supreme creation of Allah. So, we should not waste our time. The must prosperous nations of the world are those that make the best use of time.

EXPERIENCE OF RAINY SEASON

There are six seasons in Bangladesh each season consists of two months. We hear new sounds and enjoy new scenes in each season. We forget monotony of life and start our daily work anew. The rainy season is one of them six seasons. The season comes after the summer. Ashar & Shraban are the two months of the rainy season. Infact, rain sets in our country in the middle of June and lasts upto the middle of September.

The south-west monsoon, a periodical wind, that blows of Bengla, brings in the rains. The heat of Summer turns a large quantity of the sea water into vapour which mixes with the air above. When the monsoon breaks out in the months of May and June, this rain-bearing wind is cooled by contact with the cooler currents of air and the vapour is condensed into cloud and this courses rain.

People welcome the rainy season heartily. The sun shires hotly in the summer and the ponds, lakes and canals get dried. There is scarcity of water. People wants to get rains. And the rain sets in at last. People have a sigh of relief.

During this season the sky after remains clouded. Violent blasts of wind blow. The sun remains hidden behind the clouds and it rains cats and dogs. Sometimes rain continues for day-together tanks and pools that dry up in winter and summer are all filled up again. Rivers gradually rise till they overflow their banks. Some places remain under water for the greater part of the season and appear to be vast sheets of water.

Everywhere roads are covered with mud. In many villages one has to go about in boats. The landscape appears green. Dry leaves fall from the trees and new ones sprout forth in their places.

Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country. Her economy and prosperity depend on agriculture. Again our agriculture depends on the mercy of nature that is rain. If there is sufficient rain, the joys of the farmers know no bound. They plough their lands and sow seeds in time. Our farmers can not reap a good harvest if it does not rain in time. Without rain water Jute and Paddy can not grow. Without rain water our agriculture is lifeless. Rain water washes away the fifth and clears the atmosphere our poets are fond of the season.

“Neel nobghana Ashur gagona fit thai ar, rahira O’go, us tora jasna gharar bahira” -Tagore.

There is no united blessing on earth. Underdoubted the rainy season does many good for us. But it has some demerits too. During this season rivers overflow their banks and cause flood which brings about untold sorrows, sufferings and miseries. There is water everywhere. So, roads become muddy. Due to mcessant rains people cannot go out, Normal course of life is stopped. People are to use umbrellas and move by boats. Students cannot go to school and college. Different diseases like malaria, diarrhoea, dysentry break out in an epidemic form and carry away heavy tolls of human life for occasional flood. The life of the pour and the working class people become difficult. Snakes also come out in this season, bite people and cause death.

The rainy season is the most important and useful of all seasons in our country. Agriculture which is the life blood of our economy depends mainly on this rain.

NECESSITY OF FEMALE EDUCATION

Education means mental and moral trainings. It is the light that clears off the darkness of ignorance from our mental horizon. It opens wide to our vision the vastness of God’s creation and enables as to think about the merciful creator of this universe it is a blessing, it ensures a perfect and harmonious development of our mherent qualities and makes us worthy of the name ‘Ashraful Makhlukat’

Education is a light to which everybody has the equal right. When Allah created man and woman. He drew no hard and fast line of distinction between them. He endowed then all equality with the bright and noble faculties. So, education cannot be an exclusive possession of any class or sect or sex. So, Allah made the pursuit of knowledge compulsory for every man and women. So, education should be universal. If should be imparted to both man and woman. Who form one-half of the population. They should not be refused the benefits of education.

There are, however, some people who are strongly opened to the female education. They say that it is useless to impart education to women whose duties are confined to horesehould affairs, rearing of children and ministering to the comforts of their female partners.

A good mother can beget a good citizen. In order to have good citizens, female education is a must. Islam has encouraged education and training to womenfolk. The prophet of Islam has made education compulsory for both men and women. Once Nepoleon said, “Give me a good mother, and I will give you a good nation”. A good mother obviously means an educated mother. So, it needs no telling the importance of female education.

No nation can make real progress keeping a half of its population in the dark. Without the uplift of women, the progress of the nation is not at all possible. Again without education women can not be elevated. So, all out education should be imported to the womenfolk so that they may come forward and work hand in hand with men in all development programmes.

Mothers play an important role in moulding the character of their children. A mother exercises an underiable, influence in the formation of children’s character and in shaping their future destiny. Lives of many great men of the world show that their greatness was due to their mother’s influence. The things that they learn at home take a firm root in them. And it goes without saying that this learning they get mastly from their mother as they live under her mother as they live under her direct supervision and constant care. If a mother fails to bring up her children properly, the mother is held responsible for this failure, not the child. So, it can be said that it is a mother who plays a vital role in forming the character and deciding the future of her children. From this point of view an educated mother is an asset and it is more necessary to educated womenfolk.

So, female education is essential. All necessary steps should be taken to encourage universal female education for the survival of our nation. It is heartening to note that the Government has recently declared free and compulsory education for rural girls upto S.S.C. A country cannot prosper if its women are kept sgnerart. We need good wives and good mothers to make our nation great.

THE BANNING OF POLYBAGS/TRAPPED IN A POLYBAG

Polybags is certainly the most popular carrying container in our country. Jute, gunny bags and the likes of it are, on the verge of extinction before the practical utility of polythene bags. The reasons are quite simple. They are cheap, easy to handle and convenient to use. In a poor country like avers, it is only natural that low price of polythene bag is mare than enough reason for its being the favoured one.

Moreover polythene bag is easy to handle and easier to collect as it is found every where. So people don’t go for something else. In spite of all its utilities, it cannot be denied that polythene bags are causing harm to our environment. The use and production of polybags do a great deal of harm to our environment and drainage system, to air, water and soil. In our country, thousands of pieces of polythenes are being used everyday. This huge amount of polythene is neither being re-used nor being decomposed by natural way. Most of the bags are just thrown out after first use. They find their way into the drains. Then the polybags block our drainage system, barricade regular flow of water, obstruct the rainwater flowing into the drains etc. As a result low-lying areas in the cities frequently go under water. Flood occurs every now and then. During the many season the occurrence of catastrophic flood is a recurrent phoneme non in whole Bangladesh. In this regard we can recall arguably the longest lasting flood in 1998 when flood water remained in many parts of Dhaka for over two months. Polythene is also a potential threat to our cultivable land as it is not capable of being decomposed by natural means. And it is because of this feature that polythene does not mix with soil. It remains unchanged like a strong curtain through which nothing can pass. As a result, the natural working of the different elements in soil is obstructed that ultimately weakens the fertility of soil. Because of huge use of polythene our traditional jute and cloth bags have lost their market. They are now out of use, jute and cloth bags can be used many times where as polybags are usable only once. So polybags are nothing but waste of money. However it is a happy news that from March 1, 2002 the ban on production, distribution and marketing of polythene shopping bags country. The common citizens also responded in welcoming the move.

MAY DAY

May Day is an international holiday of working people. It commemorates the historic struggle of working people throughout the world and recognized in most countries. All the privileges the workers enjoy today a minimum wage, safely laws and eight hour workday came about due to the sacrifice of the workers in 1886. On May 3, 1886, the workers, in the American city of Chicago, who were groaning under the pangs of exploitation, raised slogans for their recognition as human being. Initially, that movement was to voice the time limit for work and other basic facilities for the workers so that they could live as human beings. This was no doubt a mortal blow to the wealthy class. In consequent the streets of Chicago city were smeared with the warm blood of the workers. The capitalist government and its agents adopted every possible means to choke the voice of the workers. The leaders of the workers were hanged. But the undaunted workers came out successful sacrificing their life. The demand of eight hours, working time instead of that of twelve hours was accepted and they were provided with some amenities of life.

The sacrifice made by the workers of the city of Chicago is remembered every year all over the world. But it is not only the day of commemoration of the martyred workers who fought for human rights but also the day of inspiration of being united for the realization of the demand of the workers.

May Day has been a symbol for the workers all over the world, on this day they renew their vow to fight against oppression and for human rights. On the whole, May Day is the of international unity of the working class.

The observance of May Day in independent Bangladesh assumes a special significance in the light of the fundamental principle of our state policy to establish an exploitation free society and to stop man’s inhumanity against his fellow-men. In observing May Day in its spirit of international brotherhood and unity of the workers, the working masses here are now inspired with the ideals of this day and they can take justifiable pride in demonstrating to the whole world demonstrating to the whole world that their rights and interests are being assured and safeguarded.

The Bangladesh government has already assured the workers of their participating and due share along with the rest of the population of the country. This surely is a victory of the spirit of May Day, which now puts the responsibility on the shoulders of the workers and makes then duty bound to participate for their own interest and the interest of the country as a whole in full productive activities should be united to lead the nation to the path of prosperity the path of progress and happiness.